Radon For Governments and Employers
Radon Recommendations for Authorities
National authorities have an important role to play in reducing radon levels.
National authorities should:
- have a reasonable understanding of indoor radon exposures across the country
- develop a national radon protection strategy
The national radon protection strategy should be straightforward and realistic, and be considered in conjunction with other public health policies, such as energy saving, non-smoking, and indoor air quality. It should address exposures in new and existing buildings, aiming to reduce:
- the overall exposure of the general population
- the highest individual exposures
To help guide action, authorities should set a national reference level for indoor radon levels:
- ICRP recommends setting a national reference level as low as reasonably achievable in the range of 100–300 Bq/m3.
- WHO guidance is basically the same: a national reference level of 100 Bq/m3 is recommended, and wherever this is not possible, the chosen level should not exceed 300 Bq/m3.
Radon Recommendations for Workplaces
Employers have an important role to play in reducing radon levels.
In most workplaces, exposure to radon is treated the same as in other buildings, by taking measurements, comparing radon levels to national reference levels for indoor radon, and taking action if necessary.
In some workplaces, where levels are above the national reference levels for indoor radon, doses to workers should be assessed, and protection should be optimised.
Where, despite all reasonable measures, doses to workers may exceed 10 mSv per year, employers should use protection requirements for occupational exposure.
Requirements for occupational exposure also apply in a few specific workplaces. Which ones is often decided by the national authority. A common example is uranium mines.
The occupational dose limit should apply when the national authorities consider that the radon exposure should be managed as a planned exposure situation.
Calculating Radon Doses
Radon levels (in Bq/m3) are used directly to control radon levels in homes and most workplaces. However, sometimes it is necessary to calculate the effective dose due to radon exposure for some workplaces.
ICRP develops dose coefficients to simplify the calculation of equivalent dose and effective dose for inhaled or ingested radionuclides.
In simplest terms, calculating the dose from inhaling radon involves multiplying the average radon level (e.g. in Bq/m3) by the time spent, and the right dose coefficient.
Using the dose coefficient for most circumstances of occupational exposure, breathing air with 50 Bq/m3 of radon (a typical worldwide value in buildings) for one year at work (2000 hours) gives an effective dose of 0.7 mSv. For working indoors doing substantial physical activity, or for exposures in tourist caves, the recommended dose coefficient is higher, so breathing air with 50 Bq/m3 of radon for one year at work gives an effective dose of 1.4 mSv.
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More In-Depth Information
If you are looking for something more extensive look no further below are a collection of related links and articles that can provide more information on this topic!
| Lung Cancer Risk from Radon and Progeny and Statement on Radon | ICRP Publication 115 |
| Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 3 | ICRP Publication 137 |
| Expert Summary of ICRP Recommendations on Radon | ICRP Radon Summary |
| Radiological Protection against Radon Exposure | ICRP Publication 126 |