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Medical exposure of patients has unique considerations that affect how the fundamental principles of radiological protection are applied. Such uniqueness is reflected in the application of all three principles in the protection of patients.<ref name="Pub103"/><ref name="Pub105"/>

Justification in radiological protection of patients is different from justification of other radiation applications, in that generally the very same person enjoys the benefits and suffers the risks associated with a procedure. Dose limits are not directly relevant, since ionising radiation, used for medically indicated purpose and at the appropriate level of dose, is an essential tool that will cause more good than harm.<ref name="Pub105"/>