Difference between revisions of "ICRP Glossary"

From ICRPaedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(I)
(42 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
__NOTOC__
 
__NOTOC__
 +
[[File:Glossary Header-left2.png|800px|frameless|left|link=ICRP Glossary]]
  
<big><center> 
+
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
The ICRP Glossary collects ICRP’s definitive explanations of terms for current use. It is a living document, updated regularly. Each entry shows the date it was last updated, and some include past glossary entries to help readers better understand the term in a particular context.
 +
 
 +
Many ICRP publications have included their own glossaries. The ICRP Glossary includes most of the terms in these other glossaries, many with updated entries. ICRP publications will continue to have their own glossaries when necessary, for example for highly specialized terms relevant to a single publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing a new term which would also be added to the ICRP Glossary.
 +
 
 +
Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in ICRP publications.
 +
 
 +
The ICRP Glossary shown here comprises some 400 terms. Entries for an additional approximately 400 terms are being added progressively.
 +
 
 +
----
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
| [[#A|A]] || [[#B|B]]  || [[#C|C]]|| [[#D|D]] || [[#E|E]] || [[#F|F]] || [[#G|G]] || [[#H|H]] || [[#I|I]] || [[#J|J]] || [[#K|K]] || [[#L|L]] || [[#M|M]] ||[[#N|N]] || [[#O|O]] || [[#P|P]] || [[#Q|Q]] || [[#R|R]] || [[#S|S]] || [[#T|T]] || [[#U|U]] || [[#V|V]] || [[#W|W]] || [[#X|X]] || [[#Y|Y]] || [[#Z|Z]]
+
| [[#A|A]] || [[#B|B]]  || [[#C|C]]|| [[#D|D]] || [[#E|E]] || [[#F|F]] || [[#G|G]] || [[#H|H]] || [[#I|I]] || [[#J|J]] || [[#K|K]] || [[#L|L]] || [[#M|M]] ||[[#N|N]] || [[#O|O]] || [[#P|P]] || [[#Q|Q]] || [[#R|R]] || [[#S|S]] || [[#T|T]] || [[#U|U]] || [[#V|V]] || [[#W|W]] || [[#X|X]] || [[#Y|Y]] || [[#Z|Z]] || [[#ZZ|...]]
 
|}
 
|}
</center>
+
 
</big>
 
 
<div style="column-count:2;-moz-column-count:2;-webkit-column-count:2">
 
<div style="column-count:2;-moz-column-count:2;-webkit-column-count:2">
  
 
=== <big><span id="A">A</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="A">A</span></big> ===
  
* [[Accelerated fractionation]]
+
*[[Absolute risk]]
  
* [[Acceptance test]]
+
*[[Accelerated fractionation]]
  
* [[Access Control]]
+
*[[Acceptance test]]
  
* [[Accountability]]
+
*[[Access control]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Accountability]]
  
 
*[[Action Level]]
 
*[[Action Level]]
Line 24: Line 41:
 
*[[Active (red) bone marrow]]
 
*[[Active (red) bone marrow]]
  
*[[Activity median thermodynamic diameter ]]
+
*[[Activity median thermodynamic diameter]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Acute exposure]]
 +
 
 +
*Acute radiation sickness (see *[[Acute radiation syndrome]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Acute radiation syndrome]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Adaptive response]]
  
*[[Acute Exposure]]
+
*[[Additive risk projection model]]
  
 
*[[Adventitious]]
 
*[[Adventitious]]
  
*[[Adventitious Source]]
+
*[[Adventitious source]]
  
 
*[[Aerodynamic diameter ]]
 
*[[Aerodynamic diameter ]]
Line 47: Line 72:
  
 
*[[Alpha decay]]
 
*[[Alpha decay]]
 
*[[α/β ratio]]
 
  
 
*[[Alveolar-interstitial region]]
 
*[[Alveolar-interstitial region]]
Line 59: Line 82:
  
 
*[[Area monitoring]]
 
*[[Area monitoring]]
 +
 +
*ARS (see [[Acute radiation syndrome]])
 +
 +
*[[Attributable risk]]
  
 
*[[Auger transition]]
 
*[[Auger transition]]
  
*[[Authorised Discharge]]
+
*[[Authorised discharge]]
  
 
*[[Authorization]]
 
*[[Authorization]]
Line 78: Line 105:
 
*[[Background dose (rate)]]
 
*[[Background dose (rate)]]
  
*[[Backscatter Factor ]]
+
*[[Backscatter factor]]
  
 
*[[Basal cell]]
 
*[[Basal cell]]
 +
 +
*[[Baseline disease rates]]
 +
 +
*BAT (see [[Best available techniques]])
  
 
*[[Beneficence]]
 
*[[Beneficence]]
Line 86: Line 117:
 
*[[Benthic]]
 
*[[Benthic]]
  
*[[Best Available Techniques]]
+
*[[Best available techniques]]
  
 
*[[Beta-minus decay]]
 
*[[Beta-minus decay]]
Line 93: Line 124:
  
 
*[[Bioassay]]
 
*[[Bioassay]]
 +
 +
*[[Biomarker]]
  
 
*[[Biomedical research volunteer]]
 
*[[Biomedical research volunteer]]
Line 117: Line 150:
  
 
*[[Cardioverter-defibrillator]]
 
*[[Cardioverter-defibrillator]]
 +
 +
*[[Case–control study]]
  
 
*[[Cell death]]
 
*[[Cell death]]
Line 135: Line 170:
  
 
*[[Co-expertise]]
 
*[[Co-expertise]]
 +
 +
*[[Cohort study]]
  
 
*[[Colony]]
 
*[[Colony]]
Line 165: Line 202:
  
 
=== <big><span id="D">D</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="D">D</span></big> ===
 +
 +
*DD (see [[Doubling dose)]])
 +
 +
*DDREF (see [[Dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor)]])
  
 
*[[Decay constant]]
 
*[[Decay constant]]
Line 175: Line 216:
  
 
*[[Deontological Ethics]]
 
*[[Deontological Ethics]]
 +
 +
*[[Deterministic effect]]
 +
 +
*Detriment (see [[Radiation detriment]])
 +
 +
*[[Detriment-adjusted risk]]
  
 
*[[Diastasis]]
 
*[[Diastasis]]
 +
 +
*[[Dicentric chromosome]]
  
 
*[[Dichotomous]]
 
*[[Dichotomous]]
Line 188: Line 237:
 
*[[Disposal]]
 
*[[Disposal]]
  
*[[Disposal Facility]]
+
*[[Disposal facility]]
  
 
*[[DNA damage signalling]]
 
*[[DNA damage signalling]]
 +
 +
*[[Dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor)]]
  
 
*[[Dose constraint]]
 
*[[Dose constraint]]
Line 200: Line 251:
 
*[[Dose limit]]
 
*[[Dose limit]]
  
*[[Dose Modifying Factor]]
+
*[[Dose modifying factor]]
  
 
*[[Dose per unit intake coefficient]]
 
*[[Dose per unit intake coefficient]]
Line 207: Line 258:
  
 
*[[Dose rate effectiveness factor]]
 
*[[Dose rate effectiveness factor]]
 +
 +
*[[Dose-threshold hypothesis]]
  
 
*[[Dose-rate effect]]
 
*[[Dose-rate effect]]
Line 213: Line 266:
  
 
*[[Dose-threshold]]
 
*[[Dose-threshold]]
 +
 +
*[[Doubling dose]]
  
 
=== <big><span id="E">E</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="E">E</span></big> ===
Line 221: Line 276:
  
 
*[[Effect Dose 50 ]]
 
*[[Effect Dose 50 ]]
 +
 +
*[[Effect modifier]]
  
 
*[[Effective charge number]]
 
*[[Effective charge number]]
Line 231: Line 288:
  
 
*[[Electrophysiology]]
 
*[[Electrophysiology]]
 +
 +
*[[Elemental dose]]
 +
 +
*ELR (see *[[Excess lifetime risk]])
  
 
*[[Emergency]]
 
*[[Emergency]]
Line 243: Line 304:
  
 
*[[Endogeneous excretion]]
 
*[[Endogeneous excretion]]
 +
 +
*[[Epigenetic effects]]
  
 
*[[Environmental exposure]]
 
*[[Environmental exposure]]
Line 257: Line 320:
  
 
*[[Ethics]]
 
*[[Ethics]]
 +
 +
*[[Excess absolute risk]]
 +
 +
*[[Excess lifetime risk]]
 +
 +
*[[Excess relative risk]]
  
 
*[[Excretion rate (instantaneous)]]
 
*[[Excretion rate (instantaneous)]]
Line 270: Line 339:
 
*[[Exposure, external or internal]]
 
*[[Exposure, external or internal]]
  
*[[Exposure Pathway]]
+
*[[Exposure pathway]]
  
 
*[[Exposure situation]]
 
*[[Exposure situation]]
Line 299: Line 368:
  
 
*[[Gastrointestinal syndrome]]
 
*[[Gastrointestinal syndrome]]
 +
 +
*[[Genomic integrity]]
  
 
*[[Graded approach]]
 
*[[Graded approach]]
Line 323: Line 394:
  
 
*[[Heliosphere]]
 
*[[Heliosphere]]
 +
 +
*[[Hereditary effect]]
  
 
*[[Hierarchical tissues]]
 
*[[Hierarchical tissues]]
  
 
*[[High level waste]]
 
*[[High level waste]]
 +
 +
*[[Homologous recombination]]
  
 
*[[Hormones]]
 
*[[Hormones]]
Line 343: Line 418:
  
 
*[[In vivo radiobioassay]]
 
*[[In vivo radiobioassay]]
 +
 +
*[[Incidence]]
 +
 +
*Incidence rate (see [[Incidence]])
  
 
*[[Incident]]
 
*[[Incident]]
Line 354: Line 433:
 
*[[Individual-related]]
 
*[[Individual-related]]
  
*[[Informed Consent]]
+
*[[Induced genomic instability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Informed consent]]
  
 
*[[Inhalability]]
 
*[[Inhalability]]
Line 394: Line 475:
 
=== <big><span id="L">L</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="L">L</span></big> ===
  
 +
*[[Late normal tissue responses]]
  
 
*[[Latent time/period or latency interval]]
 
*[[Latent time/period or latency interval]]
 +
 +
*[[LD 50/30|LD<sub>50/30</sub>]]
 +
 +
*[[Life span study]]
 +
 +
*[[Lifetime risk]]
 +
 +
*[[Lifetime risk estimate]]
  
 
*[[Limitation of dose]]
 
*[[Limitation of dose]]
  
 
*[[Lineal energy]]
 
*[[Lineal energy]]
 +
 +
*[[Linear dose response]]
  
 
*[[Linear-non-threshold model]]
 
*[[Linear-non-threshold model]]
 +
 +
*[[Linear-quadratic dose response]]
 +
 +
*LLE (see [[Loss of Life Expectancy]])
 +
 +
*[[Loss of Life Expectancy]]
  
 
*[[Low Earth orbit]]
 
*[[Low Earth orbit]]
 +
 +
*[[Low dose]]
 +
 +
*[[Low dose rate]]
  
 
*[[Low level waste]]
 
*[[Low level waste]]
 +
 +
*LSS (see [[Life span study]])
  
 
*[[Lymphatic system]]
 
*[[Lymphatic system]]
  
 
=== <big><span id="M">M</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="M">M</span></big> ===
 
  
 
*[[Macrophage colony stimulating factor]]
 
*[[Macrophage colony stimulating factor]]
Line 424: Line 527:
 
*[[Mitigation]]
 
*[[Mitigation]]
  
*[[Monitoring]]
+
*[[Multiplicative risk projection model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multistage carcinogenesis model]]
  
 
*[[Multistage tumorigenesis]]
 
*[[Multistage tumorigenesis]]
 +
 +
*[[Mutation component]]
  
 
*[[Myocardial perfusion]]
 
*[[Myocardial perfusion]]
Line 441: Line 548:
  
 
*[[Neurovascular syndrome]]
 
*[[Neurovascular syndrome]]
 +
 +
*NHEJ (see [[Non-homologous end joining]])
 +
 +
*[[Nominal risk coefficient]]
 +
 +
*[[Non-homologous end joining]]
  
 
*[[Non-maleficence]]
 
*[[Non-maleficence]]
  
 
*[[Non-sphericity parameter]]
 
*[[Non-sphericity parameter]]
 +
 +
*[[Non-targeted effects]]
 +
 +
*[[Normal tissue complication probability]]
  
 
*[[Nuclear track detectors]]
 
*[[Nuclear track detectors]]
Line 450: Line 567:
 
=== <big><span id="O">O</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="O">O</span></big> ===
  
 +
*[[Occupational exposure]]
  
*[[Occupational exposure]]
+
*[[Oncogene]]
  
 
*[[Optimisation]]
 
*[[Optimisation]]
Line 478: Line 596:
  
 
*[[Platelet-derived growth factor]]
 
*[[Platelet-derived growth factor]]
 +
 +
*PLDR (see [[Potentially lethal damage repair]])
 +
 +
*[[Pooled analysis]]
 +
 +
*[[Population risk]]
  
 
*[[Potential exposure]]
 
*[[Potential exposure]]
 +
 +
*[[Potentially lethal damage repair]]
  
 
*[[Practical radiological protection culture]]
 
*[[Practical radiological protection culture]]
Line 511: Line 637:
 
=== <big><span id="Q">Q</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="Q">Q</span></big> ===
  
 +
*[[Qualified expert]]
  
*[[Qualified expert]]
+
*[[Quasi-threshold dose]]
  
 
=== <big><span id="R">R</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="R">R</span></big> ===
Line 521: Line 648:
  
 
*[[Radiation modifier]]
 
*[[Radiation modifier]]
 +
 +
*[[Radiation risk]]
  
 
*[[Radiation safety officer]]
 
*[[Radiation safety officer]]
Line 540: Line 669:
 
*[[Radiographer]]
 
*[[Radiographer]]
  
*[[Radiological Controlled Area]]
+
*[[Radiological controlled area]]
  
 
*[[Radiological protection principles]]
 
*[[Radiological protection principles]]
Line 551: Line 680:
  
 
*[[Radiosensitivity, cellular]]
 
*[[Radiosensitivity, cellular]]
 +
 +
*RAP (see [[Reference Animal and Plant]])
 +
 +
*RBE (see [[Relative biological effectiveness]])
 +
 +
*[[Reactive oxygen species]]
  
 
*[[Reasonableness]]
 
*[[Reasonableness]]
Line 557: Line 692:
  
 
*[[Recovery responder]]
 
*[[Recovery responder]]
 +
 +
*[[Recovery (cellular or tissue)]]
 +
 +
*[[Reference Animal and Plant]]
  
 
*[[Reference bioassay function]]
 
*[[Reference bioassay function]]
Line 564: Line 703:
 
*[[Reference level]]
 
*[[Reference level]]
  
*[[Rehabilitation]]
+
*REID (see [[Risk of exposure-induced death]])
  
 
*[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]]
 
*[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]]
 +
 +
*[[Relative biological effectiveness]]
 +
 +
*[[Relative life lost]]
 +
 +
*[[Relative risk]]
  
 
*[[Relocation]]
 
*[[Relocation]]
Line 596: Line 741:
 
*[[Rigidity]]
 
*[[Rigidity]]
  
*[[Risk constraint]]
+
*[[Ring chromosome]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Risk coefficient]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Risk model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Risk of exposure-induced death]]
 +
 
 +
*ROS (see [[Reactive oxygen species]])
  
 
*[[Routine monitoring]]
 
*[[Routine monitoring]]
 +
 +
*RR (see [[Relative risk]])
  
 
=== <big><span id="S">S</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="S">S</span></big> ===
Line 611: Line 768:
  
 
*[[Senescence]]
 
*[[Senescence]]
 +
 +
*[[Severe deterministic injury]]
 +
 +
*SLDR (see [[Sublethal damage repair]])
  
 
*[[Slow repair]]
 
*[[Slow repair]]
Line 621: Line 782:
  
 
*[[Solar wind]]
 
*[[Solar wind]]
 +
 +
*[[Somatic effect]]
  
 
*[[Source term]]
 
*[[Source term]]
Line 635: Line 798:
  
 
*[[Stenosis]]
 
*[[Stenosis]]
 +
 +
*[[Stochastic effect]]
  
 
*[[Storage]]
 
*[[Storage]]
  
 
*[[Subcutaneous tissue]]
 
*[[Subcutaneous tissue]]
 +
 +
*[[Sublethal damage repair]]
  
 
*[[Substantial radiation dose level]]
 
*[[Substantial radiation dose level]]
  
*[[Supervised Area]]
+
*[[Supervised area]]
  
 
*[[Systemic model]]
 
*[[Systemic model]]
Line 654: Line 821:
  
 
*[[Target tissue]]
 
*[[Target tissue]]
 +
 +
*[[Targeted effects]]
  
 
*[[Telangiectasia]]
 
*[[Telangiectasia]]
Line 664: Line 833:
  
 
*[[Tissue equivalent material]]
 
*[[Tissue equivalent material]]
 +
 +
*[[Tissue reaction]]
 +
 +
*[[Tissue weighting factor]]
  
 
*[[Tolerability]]
 
*[[Tolerability]]
Line 670: Line 843:
  
 
*[[Transfer compartment]]
 
*[[Transfer compartment]]
 +
 +
*[[Transfer of risk]]
  
 
*[[Transfer rate]]
 
*[[Transfer rate]]
  
 
*[[Transforming growth factor]]
 
*[[Transforming growth factor]]
 +
 +
*[[Transgenerational effect]]
 +
 +
*[[Translocation]]
  
 
*[[Transparency]]
 
*[[Transparency]]
 +
 +
*Transport of risk (see [[Transfer of risk]])
 +
 +
*[[Tumour suppressor gene]]
  
 
*[[Trapped particles]]
 
*[[Trapped particles]]
Line 682: Line 865:
  
 
=== <big><span id="U">U</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="U">U</span></big> ===
 
  
 
*[[Unsealed source]]
 
*[[Unsealed source]]
Line 689: Line 871:
  
 
=== <big><span id="V">V</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="V">V</span></big> ===
 
  
 
*[[Value judgement]]
 
*[[Value judgement]]
Line 702: Line 883:
  
 
*[[Wisdom]]
 
*[[Wisdom]]
 +
 +
*w<sub>T</sub> (see [[Tissue weighting factor]])
 +
 +
*w<sub>R</sub> (see [[Radiation weighting factor]])
  
 
=== <big><span id="X">X</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="X">X</span></big> ===
Line 712: Line 897:
  
 
=== <big><span id="Z">Z</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="Z">Z</span></big> ===
 +
 +
=== <big><span id="ZZ">...</span></big> ===
 +
 +
 +
*[[α/β value]]
 +
 +
*α/β ratio (see [[α/β value]])
 +
 +
*[[γH2AX foci]]
  
 
<div>
 
<div>

Revision as of 22:10, 24 February 2021

Glossary Header-left2.png





The ICRP Glossary collects ICRP’s definitive explanations of terms for current use. It is a living document, updated regularly. Each entry shows the date it was last updated, and some include past glossary entries to help readers better understand the term in a particular context.

Many ICRP publications have included their own glossaries. The ICRP Glossary includes most of the terms in these other glossaries, many with updated entries. ICRP publications will continue to have their own glossaries when necessary, for example for highly specialized terms relevant to a single publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing a new term which would also be added to the ICRP Glossary.

Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in ICRP publications.

The ICRP Glossary shown here comprises some 400 terms. Entries for an additional approximately 400 terms are being added progressively.


A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

...