Difference between revisions of "ICRP Glossary"

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Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.
 
Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.
  
Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in ICRP publications.
+
Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in [[ICRP publications]].
  
 
----
 
----
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
| [[#09|0-9]] [[#A|A]] || [[#B|B]]  || [[#C|C]]|| [[#D|D]] || [[#E|E]] || [[#F|F]] || [[#G|G]] || [[#H|H]] || [[#I|I]] || [[#J|J]] || [[#K|K]] || [[#L|L]] || [[#M|M]] ||[[#N|N]] || [[#O|O]] || [[#P|P]] || [[#Q|Q]] || [[#R|R]] || [[#S|S]] || [[#T|T]] || [[#U|U]] || [[#V|V]] || [[#W|W]] || [[#X|X]] || [[#Y|Y]] || [[#Z|Z]] || [[#ZZ|...]]
+
| [[#09|0-9]] || [[#A|A]] || [[#B|B]]  || [[#C|C]]|| [[#D|D]] || [[#E|E]] || [[#F|F]] || [[#G|G]] || [[#H|H]] || [[#I|I]] || [[#J|J]] || [[#K|K]] || [[#L|L]] || [[#M|M]] ||[[#N|N]] || [[#O|O]] || [[#P|P]] || [[#Q|Q]] || [[#R|R]] || [[#S|S]] || [[#T|T]] || [[#U|U]] || [[#V|V]] || [[#W|W]] || [[#X|X]] || [[#Y|Y]] || [[#Z|Z]] || [[#ZZ|...]]
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
<div style="column-count:2;-moz-column-count:2;-webkit-column-count:2">
 
<div style="column-count:2;-moz-column-count:2;-webkit-column-count:2">
  
=== <big><span id="09">0=9</span></big> ===
+
=== <big><span id="09">0-9</span></big> ===
  
 
*4DCT (see [[Time-resolved computed tomography]])
 
*4DCT (see [[Time-resolved computed tomography]])
Line 39: Line 39:
  
 
*[[Accountability]]
 
*[[Accountability]]
 +
 +
*[[Accreditation]]
  
 
*[[Action Level]]
 
*[[Action Level]]
  
 
*[[Activation]]
 
*[[Activation]]
 +
 +
*[[Active detection system]]
  
 
*[[Active (red) bone marrow]]
 
*[[Active (red) bone marrow]]
Line 55: Line 59:
  
 
*[[Acute radiation syndrome]]
 
*[[Acute radiation syndrome]]
 +
 +
*[[Additional dose]]
  
 
*[[Adaptive response]]
 
*[[Adaptive response]]
Line 77: Line 83:
  
 
*[[Air-kerma, product]]
 
*[[Air-kerma, product]]
 +
 +
*[[ALARA]]
  
 
*ALI (see [[Annual limit on intake]])
 
*ALI (see [[Annual limit on intake]])
Line 83: Line 91:
  
 
*[[Alimentary tract transfer factor]]
 
*[[Alimentary tract transfer factor]]
 +
 +
*[[Allometry]]
  
 
*[[Alpha decay]]
 
*[[Alpha decay]]
Line 121: Line 131:
  
 
*[[Autoimmune disease]]
 
*[[Autoimmune disease]]
 +
 +
*[[Automatic exposure control]]
  
 
*[[Autonomy]]
 
*[[Autonomy]]
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*[[Background dose (rate)]]
 
*[[Background dose (rate)]]
 +
 +
*[[Backscatter detection system]]
  
 
*[[Backscatter factor]]
 
*[[Backscatter factor]]
Line 211: Line 225:
  
 
*[[Class SR-2 gases]]
 
*[[Class SR-2 gases]]
 +
 +
*[[Clearance]]
  
 
*[[Clearance level]]
 
*[[Clearance level]]
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*[[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]]
 
*[[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]]
 +
 +
*[[Collective dose]]
  
 
*[[Co-expertise]]
 
*[[Co-expertise]]
Line 232: Line 250:
 
*[[Collective dose]]
 
*[[Collective dose]]
  
*[[Collective effective dose]], S
+
*[[Collective effective dose]]
  
 
*[[Collimation]]
 
*[[Collimation]]
  
 
*[[Colony]]
 
*[[Colony]]
 +
 +
*[[Commissioning]]
  
 
*[[Committed effective dose]]
 
*[[Committed effective dose]]
Line 243: Line 263:
  
 
*[[Compartment]]
 
*[[Compartment]]
 +
 +
*[[Compartment (environmental)]]
  
 
*[[Complex tissues]]
 
*[[Complex tissues]]
  
 
*[[Computed tomography dose index]]
 
*[[Computed tomography dose index]]
 +
 +
*[[Concentration ratio]]
  
 
*[[Cone beam computed tomography]]
 
*[[Cone beam computed tomography]]
Line 255: Line 279:
  
 
*[[Constancy test]]
 
*[[Constancy test]]
 +
 +
*[[Containment]]
  
 
*[[Contamination]]
 
*[[Contamination]]
  
 
*[[Coronary heart disease]]
 
*[[Coronary heart disease]]
 +
 +
*[[Cosmic radiation]]
  
 
*[[Cost-benefit analysis]]
 
*[[Cost-benefit analysis]]
  
 
*[[Coster-Kronig transition]]
 
*[[Coster-Kronig transition]]
 +
 +
*CR (see [[Concentration ratio]])
  
 
*[[Cross section]]
 
*[[Cross section]]
  
*[[Cumulative air kerma]]
+
*Cumulative air kerma (see [[Air kerma at the patient entrance reference point]])
  
 
*[[Cumulative dose]]
 
*[[Cumulative dose]]
Line 277: Line 307:
  
 
*DAC (see [[Derived air concentration]])
 
*DAC (see [[Derived air concentration]])
 +
 +
*DBT (see [[Digital breast tomosynthesis]])
 +
 +
*DCRL (see [[Derived consideration reference level]])
  
 
*DD (see [[Doubling dose]])
 
*DD (see [[Doubling dose]])
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*[[Decontamination factor]]
 
*[[Decontamination factor]]
 +
 +
*[[Dental and maxillofacial imaging]]
  
 
*[[Deontological Ethics]]
 
*[[Deontological Ethics]]
  
*[[Deposition]]
+
*[[Deposition]] (inhalation)
  
 
*[[Derived air concentration]]
 
*[[Derived air concentration]]
 +
 +
*[[Derived consideration reference level]]
  
 
*[[Derived investigation level]]  
 
*[[Derived investigation level]]  
 +
 +
*[[Derived limit]]
 +
 +
*[[Derived reference level]]
 +
 +
*[[Designated area]]
  
 
*Detector dose indicator (see [[Exposure index]])
 
*Detector dose indicator (see [[Exposure index]])
Line 321: Line 365:
  
 
*[[Differentiation]]
 
*[[Differentiation]]
 +
 +
*[[Digital breast tomosynthesis]]
  
 
*[[Dignity]]
 
*[[Dignity]]
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*[[Dose criteria]]
 
*[[Dose criteria]]
  
*[[Dose of record (E)]]
+
*[[Dose equivalent]] in an organ or tissue
  
*[[Dose of record Hp (10)]]
+
*[[Dose limit]]
  
*[[Dose equivalent in an organ or tissue]]
+
*[[Dose modifying factor]]
  
*[[Dose limit]]
+
*[[Dose of record (E)]]
  
*[[Dose modifying factor]]
+
*[[Dose of record Hp (10)]]
  
 
*[[Dose per content function]]
 
*[[Dose per content function]]
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*[[Emergency procedures]]
 
*[[Emergency procedures]]
 +
 +
*[[Employer]]
  
 
*[[Endogeneous excretion]]
 
*[[Endogeneous excretion]]
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*[[Ethics]]
 
*[[Ethics]]
 +
 +
*[[Evacuation]]
  
 
*[[Excess absolute risk]]
 
*[[Excess absolute risk]]
Line 477: Line 527:
  
 
*[[Excretion rate (instantaneous)]]
 
*[[Excretion rate (instantaneous)]]
 +
 +
*[[Exclusion]]
  
 
*[[Exempt waste]]
 
*[[Exempt waste]]
Line 491: Line 543:
  
 
*[[Exponential survival curve]]
 
*[[Exponential survival curve]]
 +
 +
*[[Exposed individuals]]
  
 
*[[Exposure, external or internal]]
 
*[[Exposure, external or internal]]
Line 527: Line 581:
  
 
*[[Fractionation sensitivity]]
 
*[[Fractionation sensitivity]]
 +
 +
*[[Frequent flyer]]
  
 
*FSU (see [[Functional subunits]])
 
*FSU (see [[Functional subunits]])
Line 549: Line 605:
  
 
*[[Genomic integrity]]
 
*[[Genomic integrity]]
 +
 +
*Geomagnetic cut-off rigidity (see [[Rigidity threshold]])
  
 
*[[Graded approach]]
 
*[[Graded approach]]
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*[[Gray]] (Gy)
 
*[[Gray]] (Gy)
 +
 +
*[[Ground-level enhancement]]
 +
 +
*[[Growth factor]]
  
 
*[[Growth fraction]]
 
*[[Growth fraction]]
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*[[Half-life, physical]]
 
*[[Half-life, physical]]
  
*HATM (see [[Human Alimentary Tract Model]]]
+
*HATM (see [[Human Alimentary Tract Model]])
  
 
*[[Hazard]]
 
*[[Hazard]]
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*[[Hounsfield unit]]
 
*[[Hounsfield unit]]
 +
 +
*HRTM (see [[Human Respiratory Tract Model]])
  
 
*[[Human Alimentary Tract Model]]
 
*[[Human Alimentary Tract Model]]
  
*[[Human respiratory tract model]]
+
*[[Human Respiratory Tract Model]]
  
 
*[[Hyperbaric oxygen]]
 
*[[Hyperbaric oxygen]]
Line 607: Line 671:
  
 
=== <big><span id="I">I</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="I">I</span></big> ===
 +
 +
*[[ICRU 4-element tissue]]
 +
 +
*[[ICRU sphere]]
  
 
*[[Immune system]]
 
*[[Immune system]]
Line 637: Line 705:
  
 
*[[Institutional control]]
 
*[[Institutional control]]
 +
 +
*[[Intervention]]
  
 
*[[Intensity-modulated radiotherapy]]
 
*[[Intensity-modulated radiotherapy]]
Line 677: Line 747:
  
 
=== <big><span id="L">L</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="L">L</span></big> ===
 +
 +
*[[Lag]]
  
 
*[[Late normal tissue responses]]
 
*[[Late normal tissue responses]]
Line 684: Line 756:
 
*[[LD 50/30|LD<sub>50/30</sub>]]
 
*[[LD 50/30|LD<sub>50/30</sub>]]
  
*LET (see *[[Linear energy transfer]])
+
*LET (see [[Linear energy transfer]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Licensee]]
  
 
*[[Life Span Study]]
 
*[[Life Span Study]]
Line 748: Line 822:
 
*[[Mitigation]]
 
*[[Mitigation]]
  
*MMD (see *[[Mass median diameter]])
+
*MMD (see [[Mass median diameter]])
  
 
*[[Molecular imaging]]
 
*[[Molecular imaging]]
Line 771: Line 845:
  
 
=== <big><span id="N">N</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="N">N</span></big> ===
 +
 +
*[[National radon survey]]
  
 
*[[National DRL]]
 
*[[National DRL]]
Line 784: Line 860:
 
*NHEJ (see [[Non-homologous end joining]])
 
*NHEJ (see [[Non-homologous end joining]])
  
*[[Noise]]
+
*[[Noise]] (in imaging)
 +
 
 +
*[[Nominal value]]
  
 
*[[Nominal risk coefficient]]
 
*[[Nominal risk coefficient]]
 
*[[Non-cancer diseases]]
 
  
 
*[[Non-homologous end joining]]
 
*[[Non-homologous end joining]]
Line 800: Line 876:
 
*[[Normal tissue complication probability]]
 
*[[Normal tissue complication probability]]
  
*[[Notification value]]
+
*[[Notification value]] (in CT)
  
 
*[[Nuclear medicine]]
 
*[[Nuclear medicine]]
Line 819: Line 895:
  
 
*[[Oncogene]]
 
*[[Oncogene]]
 +
 +
*[[Operating management]]
 +
 +
*[[Operational quantity]]
  
 
*[[Optimisation]]
 
*[[Optimisation]]
  
*[[Organ absorbed dose]] (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
+
*[[Optimisation of protection]]
 +
 
 +
*Organ absorbed dose (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
  
 
*[[Organ at risk]]
 
*[[Organ at risk]]
Line 842: Line 924:
 
*Particle fluence (see [[Fluence]])
 
*Particle fluence (see [[Fluence]])
  
*[[Particle transport]]
+
*[[Particle transport]] (in biokinetics)
  
 
*[[Particle radiance]]
 
*[[Particle radiance]]
Line 879: Line 961:
  
 
*[[Potential exposure]]
 
*[[Potential exposure]]
 +
 +
*[[Potential recoverability correction factor]]
  
 
*[[Potentially lethal damage repair]]
 
*[[Potentially lethal damage repair]]
  
 
*[[Practical radiological protection culture]]
 
*[[Practical radiological protection culture]]
 +
 +
*[[Practice]]
 +
 +
*PRCF (see [[Potential recoverability correction factor]])
  
 
*[[Prevailing circumstances]]
 
*[[Prevailing circumstances]]
Line 891: Line 979:
  
 
*[[Principle of optimisation]]
 
*[[Principle of optimisation]]
 +
 +
*[[Principles of protection]]
  
 
*[[Procedural values]]
 
*[[Procedural values]]
Line 899: Line 989:
  
 
*[[Projected dose]]
 
*[[Projected dose]]
 +
 +
*[[Protection quantities]]
  
 
*[[Protection strategy]]
 
*[[Protection strategy]]
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*[[Qualified expert]]
 
*[[Qualified expert]]
  
*[[Quality control testing]]
+
*[[Quality control testing]] (x-ray equipment)
  
 
*[[Quality factor]], Q(L)
 
*[[Quality factor]], Q(L)
Line 937: Line 1,029:
  
 
*[[Radiation-induced second cancer]]
 
*[[Radiation-induced second cancer]]
 +
 +
*[[Radiation-induced secondary malignancy]]
  
 
*[[Radiation worker]]
 
*[[Radiation worker]]
Line 945: Line 1,039:
  
 
*[[Radioactive substance]]
 
*[[Radioactive substance]]
 +
 +
*[[Radioactive waste]]
  
 
*[[Radioactivity]]
 
*[[Radioactivity]]
Line 951: Line 1,047:
  
 
*[[Radiographer]]
 
*[[Radiographer]]
 +
 +
*[[Radiological attack]]
  
 
*[[Radiological controlled area]]
 
*[[Radiological controlled area]]
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*[[Radiosensitivity, cellular]]
 
*[[Radiosensitivity, cellular]]
 +
 +
*[[Radon progeny]]
 +
 +
*[[Radon-prone area]]
  
 
*RAP (see [[Reference Animal and Plant]])
 
*RAP (see [[Reference Animal and Plant]])
Line 981: Line 1,083:
  
 
*[[Recovery (cellular or tissue)]]
 
*[[Recovery (cellular or tissue)]]
 +
 +
*[[Redox]]
  
 
*[[Reference air kerma]]
 
*[[Reference air kerma]]
Line 992: Line 1,096:
 
*[[Referrer]]
 
*[[Referrer]]
  
*Reference female (see [[Reference Individual]])
+
*Reference female (see [[Reference Person]])
  
 
*[[Reference individual]]
 
*[[Reference individual]]
Line 998: Line 1,102:
 
*[[Reference level]]
 
*[[Reference level]]
  
*Reference male (see [[Reference Individual]])
+
*Reference male (see [[Reference Person]])
  
 
*[[Reference parameter value]]
 
*[[Reference parameter value]]
Line 1,005: Line 1,109:
  
 
*[[Reference phantom]]
 
*[[Reference phantom]]
 +
 +
*[[Reference value]]
  
 
*[[Reference worker]]
 
*[[Reference worker]]
 +
 +
*[[Region]]
  
 
*[[Regional diagnostic reference levels]]
 
*[[Regional diagnostic reference levels]]
Line 1,013: Line 1,121:
  
 
*REID (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 
*REID (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 +
*[[Rigidity threshold]]
  
 
*[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]]
 
*[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]]
Line 1,061: Line 1,171:
  
 
*[[Risk model]]
 
*[[Risk model]]
 +
 +
*RISM (see [[Radiation-induced secondary malignancy]])
  
 
*Risk of exposure-induced death (see (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 
*Risk of exposure-induced death (see (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
Line 1,072: Line 1,184:
 
=== <big><span id="S">S</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="S">S</span></big> ===
  
*[[S coefficient (radiation weighted)]] S<sub>W</sub>[(r<sub>T</sub>←r<sub>s</sub>)]
+
*[[S coefficient (radiation weighted)]]
  
* SAF (see [[Specific absorbed fraction]])
+
*SAF (see [[Specific absorbed fraction]])
  
 
*[[Safety case]]
 
*[[Safety case]]
 +
 +
*[[Safety]]
  
 
*[[Safety culture]]
 
*[[Safety culture]]
  
 
*[[Scintigraphy]]
 
*[[Scintigraphy]]
 +
 +
*[[Sealed source]]
  
 
*[[Secondary radiation]]
 
*[[Secondary radiation]]
 +
 +
*[[Secretory cells]]
 +
 +
*[[Security]]
 +
 +
*[[Security screening]]
  
 
*SEE (see [[Specific effective energy]]]
 
*SEE (see [[Specific effective energy]]]
Line 1,091: Line 1,213:
  
 
*[[Severe deterministic injury]]
 
*[[Severe deterministic injury]]
 +
 +
*[[Sheltering]]
  
 
*[[Shielding]]
 
*[[Shielding]]
Line 1,109: Line 1,233:
  
 
*[[Solar cycle]]
 
*[[Solar cycle]]
 +
 +
*[[Solar flare]]
  
 
*[[Solar particle event]]
 
*[[Solar particle event]]
Line 1,123: Line 1,249:
  
 
*[[Source-related]]
 
*[[Source-related]]
 +
 +
*[[Source-related assessment]]
  
 
*[[South Atlantic anomaly]]  
 
*[[South Atlantic anomaly]]  
Line 1,155: Line 1,283:
  
 
*[[Substantial radiation dose level]]
 
*[[Substantial radiation dose level]]
 +
 +
*[[Superposition principle]] (in dosimetry)
  
 
*[[Supervised area]]
 
*[[Supervised area]]
 +
 +
*[[Surface contamination]]
  
 
*[[Systemic model]]
 
*[[Systemic model]]
  
 
=== <big><span id="T">T</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="T">T</span></big> ===
 
  
 
*[[Tachycardia]]
 
*[[Tachycardia]]
Line 1,181: Line 1,312:
 
*[[Threshold dose for tissue reactions]]
 
*[[Threshold dose for tissue reactions]]
  
*[[Threshold levels]]
+
*[[Threshold level]]
  
*[[Tissue absorbed dose]] (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
+
*Tissue absorbed dose (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Thoron progeny]]
  
 
*[[Thyroid blocking]]
 
*[[Thyroid blocking]]
Line 1,198: Line 1,331:
  
 
*[[Tolerability]]
 
*[[Tolerability]]
 +
 +
*[[Tolerance dose]] (in Radiotherapy)
  
 
*[[Track structure]]
 
*[[Track structure]]
Line 1,212: Line 1,347:
  
 
*[[Translocation]]
 
*[[Translocation]]
 +
 +
*[[Transmission detection system]]
  
 
*[[Transparency]]
 
*[[Transparency]]
Line 1,220: Line 1,357:
  
 
*[[Trapped particles]]
 
*[[Trapped particles]]
 +
 +
*[[Treatment preparation in radiotherapy]]
 +
 +
*[[Trophic level]]
  
 
*[[Types of materials]]
 
*[[Types of materials]]
 +
 +
*[[Typical value]] (for DRL)
  
 
=== <big><span id="U">U</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="U">U</span></big> ===
Line 1,228: Line 1,371:
  
 
*[[Unsealed source]]
 
*[[Unsealed source]]
 +
 +
*[[Upper reference levels]]
  
 
*[[Uptake]]
 
*[[Uptake]]
Line 1,246: Line 1,391:
  
 
*[[Waste disposal]]
 
*[[Waste disposal]]
 +
 +
*[[Waste management]]
  
 
*[[Wisdom]]
 
*[[Wisdom]]
 +
 +
*WL (see [[Working level]])
 +
 +
*WLM (see [[Working level month]])
 +
 +
*[[Worker]]
 +
 +
*[[Working level]]
 +
 +
*[[Working level month]]
  
 
*w<sub>T</sub> (see [[Tissue weighting factor]])
 
*w<sub>T</sub> (see [[Tissue weighting factor]])

Latest revision as of 14:37, 3 October 2021

Glossary Header-left2.png

The ICRP Glossary collects ICRP’s definitive explanations of terms for current use. Some entries include historical descriptions to help readers better understand the term in a particular context.

It is a living document, updated regularly.

Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.

Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in ICRP publications.


0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...

0-9

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  • Dose (of ionising radiation)

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

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...