User contributions
11 June 2019
ICRP Glossary
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Progenitor cell
Created page with "Undifferentiated cell capable of limited proliferation. (ICRP Publication 103, 2007) ''ICRP Glossary entry - June 2019''"
Platelet-derived growth factor
Created page with "A protein that induces growth and division of fibroblasts and is involved inblood vessel formation and wound healing. It also acts on some epithelial and endothelial cells and..."
Pharynx
Created page with "Medical term for the throat from the nasal and oral cavities above to the larynx and oesophagus below. (ICRP Publication 118, 2012) ''ICRP Glossary entry - June 2019''"
ICRP Glossary
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Pericarditis
Created page with "Inflammation of the pericardium, the membrane that surrounds the heart, frequently attributable to viral infections but in most cases, the cause of pericarditis is unknown. Pe..."
Percutaneous coronary intervention
Created page with "Percutaneous coronary intervention encompasses a variety of procedures used to treat patients with diseased coronary arteries. A catheter is advanced into the diseased artery,..."
Nuclear track detectors
Created page with "Detectors where the tracks of passing charged particles can subsequently be made visible by suitable chemical treatment and viewed microscopically. These passive detectors are..."
Neurovascular syndrome
Created page with "Total-body exposures in the range of 50 Gy and more induce this syndrome within 1–72 h, leading to death within a few days. Some symptoms may occur as low as 20 Gy. Early sy..."
Neurological syndrome
Created page with "The signs and symptoms of damage to the central nervous system within 48 hours related to an acute exposure to ionising radiation with a threshold of about > 50 Gy noting that..."
Necrosis
Created page with "Cell death associated with loss of cellular membrane integrity. Occurs in anoxic areas of tumours and is also a cause of cell death after irradiation. ([[ICRP Publication 118]..."
ICRP Glossary
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Myocardial perfusion
Created page with "Blood flow to the heart muscle. Perfusion malfunctions may arisefrom coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, hypertrophiccardiomyopathy and wall motion abnormalities...."
ICRP Glossary
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Macrophage colony stimulating factor
Created page with "Cytokine that stimulates formation of macrophages from pluripotent haematopoietic cells. (ICRP Publication 118, 2012) ''ICRP Glossary entry - June 2019''"
ICRP Glossary
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Individual decontamination
Created page with "The complete or partial removal of contamination, either internal or external, from a person by a deliberate physical, chemical, or biological process. ''ICRP Glossary..."
Direct bioassay
Redirected page to In vivo radiobioassay
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In vivo radiobioassay
Created page with "Also called “direct bioassay” or “in vivo measurement”. Measurements of radioactive material in the human body utilizing instrumentation that detects radiation emitted..."
ICRP Glossary
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Hormones
Created page with "A class of signaling molecules produced by glands in multicellular organisms that are transported by the circulatory system to target distant organs to regulate physiology and..."
Habitual nose breather
Created page with "A person who breathes entirely through the nose regardless of the exercise level. Such a person may switch to breathing oro-nasally (partly through the nose and partly through..."
Habitual mouth breather
Created page with "A person who breathes oro-nasally (partly through the nose and partly through the mouth) at all levels of exercise: sleep, sitting light exercise and heavy exercise. At 'heavy..."
Growth hormone (somatotropin)
Created page with "A peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration. Growth hormone is synthesized, stored and secreted by somatotropic cells within the anterio..."
Growth fraction
Created page with "Proportion of viable cells in active cell division. (ICRP Publication 118, 2012) ''ICRP Glossary entry - June 2019''"
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Created page with "Cytokine that stimulates differentiation of progenitors into granulocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils. (ICRP Publication 118, 2012) ''ICRP Glossary entry - June 2..."
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
Created page with "Cytokine that stimulates differentiation of progenitor cells into granulocytes. (ICRP Publication 118, 2012) ''ICRP Glossary entry - June 2019''"
Gastrointestinal syndrome
Created page with "The signs and symptoms of intestinal failure; e.g. intestinal damage related to an acute exposure to ionising radiation with a threshold of about 10 Gy. Acute radiation syndro..."
ICRP Glossary
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Complex tissues
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Hierarchical tissues
Created page with "In hierarchical (Type H) tissues cells are arranged in a lineage ranging from stem cells to mature cells, and their dose-latency relationship is defined by the radiosensitivit..."
Flexible tissues
Created page with "In flexible (Type F) tissues all cells are assumed to have the potential for proliferation and are also engaged in tissue-specific functions. The pronounced dose-latency relat..."
Extrathoracic airways
Created page with "Part of the respiratory tract, consisting of the anterior nose (the ET1 region) and the posterior nasal passages, pharynx and larynx (the ET2 region). The oral part of the pha..."
Excretion rate (instantaneous)
Created page with "The instantaneous rate at which a radionuclide is removed in excreta (Bq s<sup>-1</sup>). (ICRP Publication 130, 2015) ''ICRP Glossary entry - June 2019''"
ICRP Glossary
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ICRP Glossary
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Epithelium
Created page with "Epithelium is one of the four basic types of tissues, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissues line the outer surfaces of organs and..."
ICRP Glossary
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Direct bioassay
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Direct bioassay
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Direct bioassay
Created page with "Measurements of radioactive material in the human body utilizing instrumentation that detects radiation emitted from the radioactive material in the body. ([https://www.iso.or..."
Differentiation
Created page with "The process whereby stem cells enter a pathway of proliferation in which they acquire specialised functions. (Adapted from ICRP Publication 103, 2007) ''[[ICRP Glossary]..."
Diastasis
Created page with "The midportion of diastole, when the blood enters the ventricle slowly or ceases to enter. Diastasis duration is in inverse proportion to heart rate and is absent at very high..."
Cytokines
Created page with "Cytokines are a broad category of small proteins (~5–20 kDa) that are important in cell signaling. Their release has an effect on the behavior of cells around them. ''IC..."
Complex tissues
Created page with "Cell populations in which function and proliferation take place in the same cells (otherwise called ‘flexible tissues’ or ‘conditional renewing tissues’). (ICRP Publ..."
Clonogenic survival
Created page with "Defined as the fraction of cells that survive following exposure to, or treatment with, an agent that causes cell death. Only cells that are able to form colonies (clonogenic..."
Clonogenic cells
Created page with "Cells that have the capacity to produce an expanding family of descendants (usually at least 50). Also called ‘colony-forming cells’ or ‘clonogens’. (ICRP Publicatio..."
ICRP Glossary
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Bronchial region
Created page with "Part of the respiratory tract, consisting of the trachea (generation 0) and bronchi, airway generations 1 through 8. ''ICRP Glossary entry - June 2019''"
Bone marrow
Created page with "Bone marrow, a semi-solid tissue located within the spongious portions of bones, is the primary site of new blood cell production or hematopoiesis. It is composed of hematopoi..."