Difference between revisions of "ICRP Glossary"

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Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.
 
Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.
  
Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in ICRP publications.
+
Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in [[ICRP publications]].
  
 
----
 
----
Line 39: Line 39:
  
 
*[[Accountability]]
 
*[[Accountability]]
 +
 +
*[[Accreditation]]
  
 
*[[Action Level]]
 
*[[Action Level]]
  
 
*[[Activation]]
 
*[[Activation]]
 +
 +
*[[Active detection system]]
  
 
*[[Active (red) bone marrow]]
 
*[[Active (red) bone marrow]]
Line 55: Line 59:
  
 
*[[Acute radiation syndrome]]
 
*[[Acute radiation syndrome]]
 +
 +
*[[Additional dose]]
  
 
*[[Adaptive response]]
 
*[[Adaptive response]]
Line 77: Line 83:
  
 
*[[Air-kerma, product]]
 
*[[Air-kerma, product]]
 +
 +
*[[ALARA]]
  
 
*ALI (see [[Annual limit on intake]])
 
*ALI (see [[Annual limit on intake]])
Line 83: Line 91:
  
 
*[[Alimentary tract transfer factor]]
 
*[[Alimentary tract transfer factor]]
 +
 +
*[[Allometry]]
  
 
*[[Alpha decay]]
 
*[[Alpha decay]]
Line 121: Line 131:
  
 
*[[Autoimmune disease]]
 
*[[Autoimmune disease]]
 +
 +
*[[Automatic exposure control]]
  
 
*[[Autonomy]]
 
*[[Autonomy]]
Line 129: Line 141:
  
 
*[[Background dose (rate)]]
 
*[[Background dose (rate)]]
 +
 +
*[[Backscatter detection system]]
  
 
*[[Backscatter factor]]
 
*[[Backscatter factor]]
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*[[Class SR-2 gases]]
 
*[[Class SR-2 gases]]
 +
 +
*[[Clearance]]
  
 
*[[Clearance level]]
 
*[[Clearance level]]
Line 225: Line 241:
  
 
*[[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]]
 
*[[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]]
 +
 +
*[[Collective dose]]
  
 
*[[Co-expertise]]
 
*[[Co-expertise]]
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*[[Collective dose]]
 
*[[Collective dose]]
  
*[[Collective effective dose]], S
+
*[[Collective effective dose]]
  
 
*[[Collimation]]
 
*[[Collimation]]
  
 
*[[Colony]]
 
*[[Colony]]
 +
 +
*[[Commissioning]]
  
 
*[[Committed effective dose]]
 
*[[Committed effective dose]]
Line 243: Line 263:
  
 
*[[Compartment]]
 
*[[Compartment]]
 +
 +
*[[Compartment (environmental)]]
  
 
*[[Complex tissues]]
 
*[[Complex tissues]]
  
 
*[[Computed tomography dose index]]
 
*[[Computed tomography dose index]]
 +
 +
*[[Concentration ratio]]
  
 
*[[Cone beam computed tomography]]
 
*[[Cone beam computed tomography]]
Line 255: Line 279:
  
 
*[[Constancy test]]
 
*[[Constancy test]]
 +
 +
*[[Containment]]
  
 
*[[Contamination]]
 
*[[Contamination]]
  
 
*[[Coronary heart disease]]
 
*[[Coronary heart disease]]
 +
 +
*[[Cosmic radiation]]
  
 
*[[Cost-benefit analysis]]
 
*[[Cost-benefit analysis]]
  
 
*[[Coster-Kronig transition]]
 
*[[Coster-Kronig transition]]
 +
 +
*CR (see [[Concentration ratio]])
  
 
*[[Cross section]]
 
*[[Cross section]]
  
*[[Cumulative air kerma]]
+
*Cumulative air kerma (see [[Air kerma at the patient entrance reference point]])
  
 
*[[Cumulative dose]]
 
*[[Cumulative dose]]
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*DBT (see [[Digital breast tomosynthesis]])
 
*DBT (see [[Digital breast tomosynthesis]])
 +
 +
*DCRL (see [[Derived consideration reference level]])
  
 
*DD (see [[Doubling dose]])
 
*DD (see [[Doubling dose]])
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*[[Decontamination factor]]
 
*[[Decontamination factor]]
 +
 +
*[[Dental and maxillofacial imaging]]
  
 
*[[Deontological Ethics]]
 
*[[Deontological Ethics]]
  
*[[Deposition]]
+
*[[Deposition]] (inhalation)
  
 
*[[Derived air concentration]]
 
*[[Derived air concentration]]
 +
 +
*[[Derived consideration reference level]]
  
 
*[[Derived investigation level]]  
 
*[[Derived investigation level]]  
 +
 +
*[[Derived limit]]
 +
 +
*[[Derived reference level]]
 +
 +
*[[Designated area]]
  
 
*Detector dose indicator (see [[Exposure index]])
 
*Detector dose indicator (see [[Exposure index]])
Line 360: Line 402:
 
*[[Dose criteria]]
 
*[[Dose criteria]]
  
*[[Dose of record (E)]]
+
*[[Dose equivalent]] in an organ or tissue
  
*[[Dose of record Hp (10)]]
+
*[[Dose limit]]
  
*[[Dose equivalent in an organ or tissue]]
+
*[[Dose modifying factor]]
  
*[[Dose limit]]
+
*[[Dose of record (E)]]
  
*[[Dose modifying factor]]
+
*[[Dose of record Hp (10)]]
  
 
*[[Dose per content function]]
 
*[[Dose per content function]]
Line 443: Line 485:
  
 
*[[Emergency procedures]]
 
*[[Emergency procedures]]
 +
 +
*[[Employer]]
  
 
*[[Endogeneous excretion]]
 
*[[Endogeneous excretion]]
Line 473: Line 517:
  
 
*[[Ethics]]
 
*[[Ethics]]
 +
 +
*[[Evacuation]]
  
 
*[[Excess absolute risk]]
 
*[[Excess absolute risk]]
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*[[Excretion rate (instantaneous)]]
 
*[[Excretion rate (instantaneous)]]
 +
 +
*[[Exclusion]]
  
 
*[[Exempt waste]]
 
*[[Exempt waste]]
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*[[Exponential survival curve]]
 
*[[Exponential survival curve]]
 +
 +
*[[Exposed individuals]]
  
 
*[[Exposure, external or internal]]
 
*[[Exposure, external or internal]]
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*[[Fractionation sensitivity]]
 
*[[Fractionation sensitivity]]
 +
 +
*[[Frequent flyer]]
  
 
*FSU (see [[Functional subunits]])
 
*FSU (see [[Functional subunits]])
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*[[Genomic integrity]]
 
*[[Genomic integrity]]
 +
 +
*Geomagnetic cut-off rigidity (see [[Rigidity threshold]])
  
 
*[[Graded approach]]
 
*[[Graded approach]]
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*[[Gray]] (Gy)
 
*[[Gray]] (Gy)
 +
 +
*[[Ground-level enhancement]]
 +
 +
*[[Growth factor]]
  
 
*[[Growth fraction]]
 
*[[Growth fraction]]
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*[[Half-life, physical]]
 
*[[Half-life, physical]]
  
*HATM (see [[Human Alimentary Tract Model]]]
+
*HATM (see [[Human Alimentary Tract Model]])
  
 
*[[Hazard]]
 
*[[Hazard]]
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*[[Hounsfield unit]]
 
*[[Hounsfield unit]]
 +
 +
*HRTM (see [[Human Respiratory Tract Model]])
  
 
*[[Human Alimentary Tract Model]]
 
*[[Human Alimentary Tract Model]]
  
*[[Human respiratory tract model]]
+
*[[Human Respiratory Tract Model]]
  
 
*[[Hyperbaric oxygen]]
 
*[[Hyperbaric oxygen]]
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=== <big><span id="I">I</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="I">I</span></big> ===
 +
 +
*[[ICRU 4-element tissue]]
 +
 +
*[[ICRU sphere]]
  
 
*[[Immune system]]
 
*[[Immune system]]
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*[[Institutional control]]
 
*[[Institutional control]]
 +
 +
*[[Intervention]]
  
 
*[[Intensity-modulated radiotherapy]]
 
*[[Intensity-modulated radiotherapy]]
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=== <big><span id="L">L</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="L">L</span></big> ===
 +
 +
*[[Lag]]
  
 
*[[Late normal tissue responses]]
 
*[[Late normal tissue responses]]
Line 688: Line 756:
 
*[[LD 50/30|LD<sub>50/30</sub>]]
 
*[[LD 50/30|LD<sub>50/30</sub>]]
  
*LET (see *[[Linear energy transfer]])
+
*LET (see [[Linear energy transfer]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Licensee]]
  
 
*[[Life Span Study]]
 
*[[Life Span Study]]
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*[[Mitigation]]
 
*[[Mitigation]]
  
*MMD (see *[[Mass median diameter]])
+
*MMD (see [[Mass median diameter]])
  
 
*[[Molecular imaging]]
 
*[[Molecular imaging]]
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=== <big><span id="N">N</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="N">N</span></big> ===
 +
 +
*[[National radon survey]]
  
 
*[[National DRL]]
 
*[[National DRL]]
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*NHEJ (see [[Non-homologous end joining]])
 
*NHEJ (see [[Non-homologous end joining]])
  
*[[Noise]]
+
*[[Noise]] (in imaging)
 +
 
 +
*[[Nominal value]]
  
 
*[[Nominal risk coefficient]]
 
*[[Nominal risk coefficient]]
 
*[[Non-cancer diseases]]
 
  
 
*[[Non-homologous end joining]]
 
*[[Non-homologous end joining]]
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*[[Normal tissue complication probability]]
 
*[[Normal tissue complication probability]]
  
*[[Notification value]]
+
*[[Notification value]] (in CT)
  
 
*[[Nuclear medicine]]
 
*[[Nuclear medicine]]
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*[[Oncogene]]
 
*[[Oncogene]]
 +
 +
*[[Operating management]]
 +
 +
*[[Operational quantity]]
  
 
*[[Optimisation]]
 
*[[Optimisation]]
  
*[[Organ absorbed dose]] (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
+
*[[Optimisation of protection]]
 +
 
 +
*Organ absorbed dose (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
  
 
*[[Organ at risk]]
 
*[[Organ at risk]]
Line 846: Line 924:
 
*Particle fluence (see [[Fluence]])
 
*Particle fluence (see [[Fluence]])
  
*[[Particle transport]]
+
*[[Particle transport]] (in biokinetics)
  
 
*[[Particle radiance]]
 
*[[Particle radiance]]
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*[[Potential exposure]]
 
*[[Potential exposure]]
 +
 +
*[[Potential recoverability correction factor]]
  
 
*[[Potentially lethal damage repair]]
 
*[[Potentially lethal damage repair]]
  
 
*[[Practical radiological protection culture]]
 
*[[Practical radiological protection culture]]
 +
 +
*[[Practice]]
 +
 +
*PRCF (see [[Potential recoverability correction factor]])
  
 
*[[Prevailing circumstances]]
 
*[[Prevailing circumstances]]
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*[[Principle of optimisation]]
 
*[[Principle of optimisation]]
 +
 +
*[[Principles of protection]]
  
 
*[[Procedural values]]
 
*[[Procedural values]]
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*[[Projected dose]]
 
*[[Projected dose]]
 +
 +
*[[Protection quantities]]
  
 
*[[Protection strategy]]
 
*[[Protection strategy]]
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*[[Qualified expert]]
 
*[[Qualified expert]]
  
*[[Quality control testing]]
+
*[[Quality control testing]] (x-ray equipment)
  
 
*[[Quality factor]], Q(L)
 
*[[Quality factor]], Q(L)
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*[[Radiation-induced second cancer]]
 
*[[Radiation-induced second cancer]]
 +
 +
*[[Radiation-induced secondary malignancy]]
  
 
*[[Radiation worker]]
 
*[[Radiation worker]]
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*[[Radioactive substance]]
 
*[[Radioactive substance]]
 +
 +
*[[Radioactive waste]]
  
 
*[[Radioactivity]]
 
*[[Radioactivity]]
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*[[Radiographer]]
 
*[[Radiographer]]
 +
 +
*[[Radiological attack]]
  
 
*[[Radiological controlled area]]
 
*[[Radiological controlled area]]
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*[[Radiosensitivity, cellular]]
 
*[[Radiosensitivity, cellular]]
 +
 +
*[[Radon progeny]]
 +
 +
*[[Radon-prone area]]
  
 
*RAP (see [[Reference Animal and Plant]])
 
*RAP (see [[Reference Animal and Plant]])
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*[[Recovery (cellular or tissue)]]
 
*[[Recovery (cellular or tissue)]]
 +
 +
*[[Redox]]
  
 
*[[Reference air kerma]]
 
*[[Reference air kerma]]
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*[[Referrer]]
 
*[[Referrer]]
  
*Reference female (see [[Reference Individual]])
+
*Reference female (see [[Reference Person]])
  
 
*[[Reference individual]]
 
*[[Reference individual]]
Line 1,002: Line 1,102:
 
*[[Reference level]]
 
*[[Reference level]]
  
*Reference male (see [[Reference Individual]])
+
*Reference male (see [[Reference Person]])
  
 
*[[Reference parameter value]]
 
*[[Reference parameter value]]
Line 1,009: Line 1,109:
  
 
*[[Reference phantom]]
 
*[[Reference phantom]]
 +
 +
*[[Reference value]]
  
 
*[[Reference worker]]
 
*[[Reference worker]]
 +
 +
*[[Region]]
  
 
*[[Regional diagnostic reference levels]]
 
*[[Regional diagnostic reference levels]]
Line 1,017: Line 1,121:
  
 
*REID (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 
*REID (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 +
*[[Rigidity threshold]]
  
 
*[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]]
 
*[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]]
Line 1,065: Line 1,171:
  
 
*[[Risk model]]
 
*[[Risk model]]
 +
 +
*RISM (see [[Radiation-induced secondary malignancy]])
  
 
*Risk of exposure-induced death (see (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 
*Risk of exposure-induced death (see (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
Line 1,076: Line 1,184:
 
=== <big><span id="S">S</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="S">S</span></big> ===
  
*[[S coefficient (radiation weighted)]] S<sub>W</sub>[(r<sub>T</sub>←r<sub>s</sub>)]
+
*[[S coefficient (radiation weighted)]]
  
* SAF (see [[Specific absorbed fraction]])
+
*SAF (see [[Specific absorbed fraction]])
  
 
*[[Safety case]]
 
*[[Safety case]]
 +
 +
*[[Safety]]
  
 
*[[Safety culture]]
 
*[[Safety culture]]
  
 
*[[Scintigraphy]]
 
*[[Scintigraphy]]
 +
 +
*[[Sealed source]]
  
 
*[[Secondary radiation]]
 
*[[Secondary radiation]]
 +
 +
*[[Secretory cells]]
 +
 +
*[[Security]]
 +
 +
*[[Security screening]]
  
 
*SEE (see [[Specific effective energy]]]
 
*SEE (see [[Specific effective energy]]]
Line 1,095: Line 1,213:
  
 
*[[Severe deterministic injury]]
 
*[[Severe deterministic injury]]
 +
 +
*[[Sheltering]]
  
 
*[[Shielding]]
 
*[[Shielding]]
Line 1,113: Line 1,233:
  
 
*[[Solar cycle]]
 
*[[Solar cycle]]
 +
 +
*[[Solar flare]]
  
 
*[[Solar particle event]]
 
*[[Solar particle event]]
Line 1,127: Line 1,249:
  
 
*[[Source-related]]
 
*[[Source-related]]
 +
 +
*[[Source-related assessment]]
  
 
*[[South Atlantic anomaly]]  
 
*[[South Atlantic anomaly]]  
Line 1,159: Line 1,283:
  
 
*[[Substantial radiation dose level]]
 
*[[Substantial radiation dose level]]
 +
 +
*[[Superposition principle]] (in dosimetry)
  
 
*[[Supervised area]]
 
*[[Supervised area]]
 +
 +
*[[Surface contamination]]
  
 
*[[Systemic model]]
 
*[[Systemic model]]
Line 1,184: Line 1,312:
 
*[[Threshold dose for tissue reactions]]
 
*[[Threshold dose for tissue reactions]]
  
*[[Threshold levels]]
+
*[[Threshold level]]
  
*[[Tissue absorbed dose]] (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
+
*Tissue absorbed dose (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Thoron progeny]]
  
 
*[[Thyroid blocking]]
 
*[[Thyroid blocking]]
Line 1,202: Line 1,332:
 
*[[Tolerability]]
 
*[[Tolerability]]
  
*[[Tolerance dose]]
+
*[[Tolerance dose]] (in Radiotherapy)
  
 
*[[Track structure]]
 
*[[Track structure]]
Line 1,217: Line 1,347:
  
 
*[[Translocation]]
 
*[[Translocation]]
 +
 +
*[[Transmission detection system]]
  
 
*[[Transparency]]
 
*[[Transparency]]
Line 1,227: Line 1,359:
  
 
*[[Treatment preparation in radiotherapy]]
 
*[[Treatment preparation in radiotherapy]]
 +
 +
*[[Trophic level]]
  
 
*[[Types of materials]]
 
*[[Types of materials]]
  
*[[Typical value]]
+
*[[Typical value]] (for DRL)
  
 
=== <big><span id="U">U</span></big> ===
 
=== <big><span id="U">U</span></big> ===
Line 1,237: Line 1,371:
  
 
*[[Unsealed source]]
 
*[[Unsealed source]]
 +
 +
*[[Upper reference levels]]
  
 
*[[Uptake]]
 
*[[Uptake]]
Line 1,255: Line 1,391:
  
 
*[[Waste disposal]]
 
*[[Waste disposal]]
 +
 +
*[[Waste management]]
  
 
*[[Wisdom]]
 
*[[Wisdom]]
 +
 +
*WL (see [[Working level]])
 +
 +
*WLM (see [[Working level month]])
 +
 +
*[[Worker]]
 +
 +
*[[Working level]]
 +
 +
*[[Working level month]]
  
 
*w<sub>T</sub> (see [[Tissue weighting factor]])
 
*w<sub>T</sub> (see [[Tissue weighting factor]])

Latest revision as of 14:37, 3 October 2021

Glossary Header-left2.png

The ICRP Glossary collects ICRP’s definitive explanations of terms for current use. Some entries include historical descriptions to help readers better understand the term in a particular context.

It is a living document, updated regularly.

Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.

Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in ICRP publications.


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