Difference between revisions of "ICRP Glossary"

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[[Absorption Type]]
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__NOTOC__
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[[File:Glossary Header-left2.png|800px|frameless|none|link=ICRP Glossary]]
  
−
[[Accelerated fractionation]]
+
The ICRP Glossary collects ICRP’s definitive explanations of terms for current use. Some entries include historical descriptions to help readers better understand the term in a particular context.
  
−
[[Acceptance test]]
+
It is a living document, updated regularly.
  
−
[[Access Control]]
+
Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.
  
−
[[Accountability]]
+
Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in [[ICRP publications]].
  
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[[Action Level]]
+
----
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
| [[#09|0-9]] || [[#A|A]] || [[#B|B]]  || [[#C|C]]|| [[#D|D]] || [[#E|E]] || [[#F|F]] || [[#G|G]] || [[#H|H]] || [[#I|I]] || [[#J|J]] || [[#K|K]] || [[#L|L]] || [[#M|M]] ||[[#N|N]] || [[#O|O]] || [[#P|P]] || [[#Q|Q]] || [[#R|R]] || [[#S|S]] || [[#T|T]] || [[#U|U]] || [[#V|V]] || [[#W|W]] || [[#X|X]] || [[#Y|Y]] || [[#Z|Z]] || [[#ZZ|...]]
 +
|}
  
−
[[Active (red) bone marrow]]
+
<div style="column-count:2;-moz-column-count:2;-webkit-column-count:2">
  
−
[[Activity median thermodynamic diameter (AMTD)]]
+
=== <big><span id="09">0-9</span></big> ===
  
−
[[Activity, A]]
+
*4DCT (see [[Time-resolved computed tomography]])
  
−
[[Acute Exposure]]
+
=== <big><span id="A">A</span></big> ===
  
−
[[Adventitious]]
+
*[[Absolute risk]]
  
−
[[Adventitious Source]]
+
*[[Absorbed dose]], D
  
−
[[Aerodynamic diameter (dae)]]
+
*[[Absorbed fraction]]
  
−
[[Air sampling]]
+
*[[Absorption]]
  
−
[[Air-kerma rate constant]]
+
*[[Accelerated fractionation]]
  
−
[[Air-kerma rate constant (Γδ)]]
+
*[[Acceptance test]]
  
−
[[Air-kerma, entrance surface]]
+
*[[Access control]]
  
−
[[Air-kerma, incident (Ki)]]
+
*[[Accountability]]
  
−
[[Air-kerma, product (PKA)]]
+
*[[Accreditation]]
  
−
[[Alimentary tract]]
+
*[[Action Level]]
  
−
[[Alimentary tract transfer factor, fA]]
+
*[[Activation]]
  
−
[[Alpha decay]]
+
*[[Active detection system]]
  
−
[[Alveolar-interstitial region, AI]]
+
*[[Active (red) bone marrow]]
  
−
[[Angiogenesis]]
+
*[[Activity]]
  
−
[[Annihilation photons]]
+
*[[Activity median thermodynamic diameter]]
  
−
[[Annual dose]]
+
*[[Acute exposure]]
  
−
[[Area monitoring]]
+
*Acute radiation sickness (see [[Acute radiation syndrome]])
  
−
[[Auger transition]]
+
*[[Acute radiation syndrome]]
  
−
[[Authorised Discharge]]
+
*[[Additional dose]]
  
−
[[Authorization]]
+
*[[Adaptive response]]
  
−
[[Authorized limit]]
+
*[[Additive risk projection model]]
  
−
[[Autoimmune disease]]
+
*[[Adenoma]]
  
−
[[Autonomy]]
+
*[[Adventitious]]
  
−
[[Avalanche]]
+
*[[Adventitious source]]
  
−
[[Averted dose]]
+
*[[Aerodynamic diameter ]]
  
−
[[Background dose (rate)]]
+
*[[Air-kerma rate constant]]
  
−
[[Backscatter Factor (B)]]
+
*[[Air kerma at the patient entrance reference point]]
  
−
[[Basal cell]]
+
*[[Air-kerma, entrance surface]]
  
−
[[Beneficence]]
+
*[[Air-kerma, incident]]
  
−
[[Benthic]]
+
*[[Air-kerma, product]]
  
−
[[Best Available Techniques (BAT)]]
+
*[[ALARA]]
  
−
[[Beta-minus decay]]
+
*ALI (see [[Annual limit on intake]])
  
−
[[Beta-plus decay]]
+
*[[Alimentary tract]]
  
−
[[Bioassay]]
+
*[[Alimentary tract transfer factor]]
  
−
[[Bioassay function]]
+
*[[Allometry]]
  
−
[[Biokinetic model]]
+
*[[Alpha decay]]
  
−
[[Biological dosimetry]]
+
*[[Alveolar-interstitial region]]
  
−
[[Biomedical research volunteer]]
+
*AMAD (see [[Activity median aerodynamic diameter]])
  
−
[[Bioturbation]]
+
*[[Ambient dose equivalent]], H*(10)
  
−
[[Bone marrow]]
+
*[[AML/eto]]
  
−
[[Bradycardia]]
+
*[[Angiogenesis]]
  
−
[[Branching fraction]]
+
*[[Annihilation photons]]
  
−
[[Bronchial region]]
+
*[[Annual dose]]
  
−
[[Bystander effect]]
+
*[[Annual intake]]
  
−
[[Calibration]]
+
*[[Annual limit on intake]]
  
−
[[Cardiac arrhythmias]]
+
*[[Apoptosis]]
  
−
[[Cardiac valve diseases]]
+
*[[Area monitoring]]
  
−
[[Cardiomyopathy]]
+
*ARS (see [[Acute radiation syndrome]])
  
−
[[Cardioverter-defibrillator]]
+
*[[Attributable risk]]
  
−
[[Categories of exposure]]
+
*[[Auger transition]]
  
−
[[Category of exposed individual]]
+
*[[Authorised discharge]]
  
−
[[Cell death]]
+
*[[Authorization]]
  
−
[[Chromosome dosimetry]]
+
*[[Authorized limit]]
  
−
[[Chronic exposure]]
+
*[[Autoimmune disease]]
  
−
[[Class SR-0 gases]]
+
*[[Automatic exposure control]]
  
−
[[Class SR-1 gases]]
+
*[[Autonomy]]
  
−
[[Class SR-2 gases]]
+
*[[Averted dose]]
  
−
[[Clearance level]]
+
=== <big><span id="B">B</span></big> ===
  
−
[[Clonogenic cells]]
+
*[[Background dose (rate)]]
  
−
[[Clonogenic survival]]
+
*[[Backscatter detection system]]
  
−
[[Co-expertise]]
+
*[[Backscatter factor]]
  
−
[[Colony]]
+
*[[Basal cell]]
  
−
[[Committed effective dose, E(τ)]]
+
*[[Baseline disease rates]]
  
−
[[Commodity]]
+
*BAT (see [[Best available techniques]])
  
−
[[Complex tissues]]
+
*Bcr/abl (see [[Breakpoint cluster region/abelson]])
  
−
[[Computed tomography dose index, CTDI]]
+
*[[Beneficence]]
  
−
[[Conditional renewing (complex or flexible) tissues]]
+
*[[Benthic]]
  
−
[[Confidence limits]]
+
*[[Best available techniques]]
  
−
[[Confinement]]
+
*[[Beta-minus decay]]
  
−
[[Connective tissue]]
+
*[[Beta-plus decay]]
  
−
[[Consequential late effects]]
+
*[[Bioassay]]
  
−
[[Constancy test]]
+
*[[Biological half-life]]
  
−
[[Consumer product]]
+
*[[Biomarker]]
  
−
[[Contamination]]
+
*[[Biomedical research volunteer]]
  
−
[[Control measures]]
+
*[[Bioturbation]]
  
−
[[Coronary heart disease/congestive heart disease]]
+
*[[Bone marrow]]
  
−
[[Cortical (bone) marrow]]
+
*[[Bradycardia]]
  
−
[[Cost-benefit analysis]]
+
*[[Brachytherapy]]
  
−
[[Coster-Kronig (CK) transition]]
+
*[[Branching fraction]]
  
−
[[Critical group]]
+
*[[Bragg peak]]
  
−
[[Curie, Ci]]
+
*[[Breakpoint cluster region/abelson]]
  
−
[[Cytokines]]
+
*[[Broad beam therapy irradiation technique]]
  
−
[[D0]]
+
*[[Bronchial region]]
  
−
[[Decay constant]]
+
*[[Bronchiolar region]]
  
−
[[Decision threshold]]
+
*[[Bystander effect]]
  
−
[[Decommissioning]]
+
=== <big><span id="C">C</span></big> ===
  
−
[[Decontamination]]
+
*CACA (see [[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]])
  
−
[[Decontamination factor]]
+
*CAFC (see [[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]])
  
−
[[Defence-in-depth]]
+
*CBCT (see [[Cone beam computed tomography]])
  
−
[[Deontological Ethics]]
+
*[[Cardiac arrhythmias]]
  
−
[[Deposition class]]
+
*[[Cardiac valve diseases]]
  
−
[[Derived consideration reference level]]
+
*[[Cardiomyopathy]]
  
−
[[Diastasis]]
+
*[[Cardioverter-defibrillator]]
  
−
[[Dichotomous]]
+
*[[Carers and comforters]]
  
−
[[Differentiation]]
+
*[[Case–control study]]
  
−
[[Dignity]]
+
*[[Cell death]]
  
−
[[Direct bioassay]]
+
*[[Charged-particle equilibrium]]
  
−
[[Disposal]]
+
*[[Chronic exposure]]
  
−
[[Disposal Facility]]
+
*[[Class SR-0 gases]]
  
−
[[DNA damage signalling]]
+
*[[Class SR-1 gases]]
  
−
[[Dose assessment/estimation]]
+
*[[Class SR-2 gases]]
  
−
[[Dose constraint]]
+
*[[Clearance]]
  
−
[[Dose criteria]]
+
*[[Clearance level]]
  
−
[[Dose equivalent in an organ or tissue, HT,Q]]
+
*[[Clinical audit]]
  
−
[[Dose limit]]
+
*[[Clonogenic cells]]
  
−
[[Dose Modifying Factor (DMF)]]
+
*[[Clonogenic survival]]
  
−
[[Dose per unit intake, DPUI]]
+
*[[Clonogenic surviving fraction]]
  
−
[[Dose rate]]
+
*Cobblestone area cell assay (see [[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]])
  
−
[[Dose rate effectiveness factor, DREF]]
+
*[[Cobblestone area forming cell assay]]
  
−
[[Dosemeter/dosimeter]]
+
*[[Collective dose]]
  
−
[[Dose-rate effect]]
+
*[[Co-expertise]]
  
−
[[Dose–response function (DRF)]]
+
*[[Cohort study]]
  
−
[[Dose-threshold]]
+
*[[Collective dose]]
  
−
[[Dosimetrists]]
+
*[[Collective effective dose]]
  
−
[[Dysrhythmia]]
+
*[[Collimation]]
  
−
[[Early effect]]
+
*[[Colony]]
  
−
[[Early normal tissue responses]]
+
*[[Commissioning]]
  
−
[[Effect Dose 50 (ED50)]]
+
*[[Committed effective dose]]
  
−
[[Effective charge number, Z*]]
+
*[[Committed equivalent dose]]
  
−
[[Effective dose equivalent, HE]]
+
*[[Compartment]]
  
−
[[Effective half-life (Teff)]]
+
*[[Compartment (environmental)]]
  
−
[[Electron-capture decay]]
+
*[[Complex tissues]]
  
−
[[Electrophysiology]]
+
*[[Computed tomography dose index]]
  
−
[[Emergency]]
+
*[[Concentration ratio]]
  
−
[[Emergency exposure situation]]
+
*[[Cone beam computed tomography]]
  
−
[[Emergency plan]]
+
*[[Connective tissue]]
  
−
[[Emergency preparedness]]
+
*[[Consequential late effects]]
  
−
[[Emergency procedures]]
+
*[[Constancy test]]
  
−
[[Emergency Worker]]  
+
*[[Containment]]
  
−
[[Endogeneous excretion]]
+
*[[Contamination]]
  
−
[[Entrance surface dose]]
+
*[[Coronary heart disease]]
  
−
[[Environmental (radiation) monitoring]]
+
*[[Cosmic radiation]]
  
−
[[Environmental exposure]]
+
*[[Cost-benefit analysis]]
  
−
[[Environmental radiation protection]]
+
*[[Coster-Kronig transition]]
  
−
[[Epithelium]]
+
*CR (see [[Concentration ratio]])
  
−
[[Equity]]
+
*[[Cross section]]
  
−
[[Equivalent dose (HT)]]
+
*Cumulative air kerma (see [[Air kerma at the patient entrance reference point]])
  
−
[[Erythropoietin]]
+
*[[Cumulative dose]]
  
−
[[Ethics]]
+
*[[Curie]]
  
−
[[Event tree analysis]]
+
*[[Cytokines]]
  
−
[[Excretion function]]
+
=== <big><span id="D">D</span></big> ===
  
−
[[Excretion rate]]
+
*DAC (see [[Derived air concentration]])
  
−
[[Exempt waste]]
+
*DBT (see [[Digital breast tomosynthesis]])
  
−
[[Exemption level]]
+
*DCRL (see [[Derived consideration reference level]])
  
−
[[Existing exposure situation]]
+
*DD (see [[Doubling dose]])
  
−
[[Exponential survival curve]]
+
*DDI, detector dose indicator (see [[Exposure index]])
  
−
[[Exposure]]
+
*DIL (see [[Derived investigation level]])
  
−
[[Exposure assessment]]
+
*DDREF (see [[Dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor]])
  
−
[[Exposure Pathway]]
+
*[[Decay constant]]
  
−
[[Exposure situation]]
+
*[[Decommissioning]]
  
−
[[External radiation]]
+
*[[Decontamination]]
  
−
[[Extrapolation number]]
+
*[[Decontamination factor]]
  
−
[[Extrathoracic airways]]
+
*[[Dental and maxillofacial imaging]]
  
−
[[Extremity dosemeter]]
+
*[[Deontological Ethics]]
  
−
[[Fairness]]
+
*[[Deposition]] (inhalation)
  
−
[[Fault tree analysis]]
+
*[[Derived air concentration]]
  
−
[[Field-size effect]]
+
*[[Derived consideration reference level]]
  
−
[[Fixed (surface) contamination]]
+
*[[Derived investigation level]]  
  
−
[[Flexible tissues]]
+
*[[Derived limit]]
  
−
[[Fluoroscopically guided interventions]]
+
*[[Derived reference level]]
  
−
[[Forbiddenness]]
+
*[[Designated area]]
  
−
[[Fractionation]]
+
*Detector dose indicator (see [[Exposure index]])
  
−
[[Fractionation sensitivity]]
+
*[[Detector quantum efficiency]]
  
−
[[Galactic cosmic radiation (GCR)]]
+
*[[Deterministic effect]]
  
−
[[Gamma ray]]
+
*[[Detriment]]
  
−
[[Gastrointestinal]]
+
*[[Detriment-adjusted risk]]
  
−
[[Gastrointestinal syndrome]]
+
*[[Diagnostic reference level]]
  
−
[[Geochemical phase association]]
+
*[[Diastasis]]
  
−
[[Graded approach]]
+
*[[Dicentric chromosome]]
  
−
[[Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor]]
+
*[[Dichotomous]]
  
−
[[Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor]]
+
*[[Differentiation]]
  
−
[[Growth fraction]]
+
*[[Digital breast tomosynthesis]]
  
−
[[Growth hormone (somatotropin)]]
+
*[[Dignity]]
  
−
[[Habitual mouth breather]]
+
*[[Direct bioassay]]
  
−
[[Habitual nose breather]]
+
*[[Directional dose equivalent]] H’(d,Ω)
  
−
[[Half-life, physical (T1/2)]]
+
*[[Disposal]]
  
−
[[Hazard]]
+
*[[Disposal facility]]
  
−
[[Health Surveillance]]
+
*[[Distribution coefficient]] (''K<sub>d</sub>'')
  
−
[[Heliosphere]]
+
*DLP (see [[Dose-length product]])
  
−
[[Hierarchical tissues]]
+
*[[DNA damage signalling]]
  
−
[[High level waste, HLW]]
+
*[[Dose]] (of ionising radiation)
  
−
[[Hormones]]
+
*[[Dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor]]
  
−
[[Human Respiratory Tract Model (HRTM)]]
+
*[[Dose coefficient]]
  
−
[[Hyperbaric oxygen]]
+
*[[Dose commitment]]
  
−
[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
+
*[[Dose constraint]]
  
−
[[Hypoplasia]]
+
*[[Dose conversion coefficient]]
  
−
[[Immune system]]
+
*[[Dose conversion convention]]
  
−
[[In vivo measurement]]
+
*[[Dose conversion factor]]
  
−
[[Inactive (bone) marrow]]
+
*[[Dose criteria]]
  
−
[[Incident]]
+
*[[Dose equivalent]] in an organ or tissue
  
−
[[Inclusiveness]]
+
*[[Dose limit]]
  
−
[[Individual decontamination]]
+
*[[Dose modifying factor]]
  
−
[[Individual dose]]
+
*[[Dose of record (E)]]
  
−
[[Individual dose equivalent]]
+
*[[Dose of record Hp (10)]]
  
−
[[Individual dose restriction]]
+
*[[Dose per content function]]
  
−
[[Individual monitoring]]
+
*[[Dose per unit intake coefficient]]
  
−
[[Individual-related]]
+
*[[Dose rate]]
  
−
[[Individual-related]]
+
*[[Dose rate effectiveness factor]]
  
−
[[Individual-related assessment]]
+
*[[Dose-length product]]
  
−
[[Informed Consent]]
+
*[[Dose-threshold hypothesis]]
  
−
[[Ingestion exposure planning zone,  IEPZ]]
+
*[[Dose-rate effect]]
  
−
[[Inhalability]]
+
*[[Dose-response function]]
  
−
[[Inhalation class]]
+
*[[Dose-threshold]]
  
−
[[Initial slope]]
+
*[[Doubling dose]]
  
−
[[Inner bremsstrahlung]]
+
*DQE (see [[Detector quantum efficiency]])
  
−
[[Institutional control]]
+
*DRL (see [[Diagnostic reference level]])
  
−
[[Intermediate level waste, ILW]]
+
*[[DRL process]]
  
−
[[Internal conversion electron]]
+
*[[DRL quantity]]
  
−
[[Interphase death]]
+
*[[DRL value]]
  
−
[[Intervention Level]]
+
*[[DS02]]
  
−
[[Interventional procedure]]
+
*[[DS86]]
  
−
[[Investigation level]]
+
=== <big><span id="E">E</span></big> ===
  
−
[[Iodine prophylaxis]]
+
*EAR (see [[Excess absolute risk]])
  
−
[[Iso-effect plots]]
+
*[[Early normal tissue responses]]
  
−
[[Isolation]]
+
*[[Edema]]
  
−
[[Isomeric transition decay]]
+
*[[Effect Dose 50 ]]
  
−
[[Isomers]]
+
*[[Effect modifier]]
  
−
[[Isotropic geometry]]
+
*[[Effective charge number]]
  
−
[[Iteroparous]]
+
*[[Effective dose]], E
  
−
[[Itinerant (radiation) worker]]
+
*[[Effective dose equivalent]]
  
−
[[Justice]]
+
*[[Effective half-life]]
  
−
[[Justification]]
+
*EI (see [[Exposure index]])
  
−
[[K, Kp index]]
+
*[[Electron-capture decay]]
  
−
[[Kerma-area product (KAP)]]
+
*[[Electrophysiology]]
  
−
[[Late effect, delayed effect]]
+
*[[Elemental dose]]
  
−
[[Latent time/period or latency interval]]
+
*ELR (i.e. Excess Lifetime Risk, see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
  
−
[[Legal person]]
+
*[[Emergency]]
  
−
[[Legislators]]
+
*[[Emergency exposure situation]]
  
−
[[Limit]]
+
*[[Emergency plan]]
  
−
[[Limitation of dose]]
+
*[[Emergency preparedness]]
  
−
[[Lineal energy]]
+
*[[Emergency procedures]]
  
−
[[Linear no-threshold  (LNT) hypothesis]]
+
*[[Employer]]
  
−
[[Linear-non-threshold (LNT) model]]
+
*[[Endogeneous excretion]]
  
−
[[Low Earth orbit (LEO)]]
+
*Endosteal tissue (see [[Endosteum]])
  
−
[[Low level waste, LLW]]
+
*[[Endosteum]]  
  
−
[[Low toxicity alpha emitter]]
+
*[[Environmental exposure]]
  
−
[[Lung absorption type]]
+
*[[Environmental radiation protection]]
  
−
[[Lymphatic system]]
+
*[[Epigenetic effects]]
  
−
[[Macrophage colony stimulating factor]]
+
*[[Epithelium]]
  
−
[[Magnetosphere]]
+
*[[Equieffective dose]]
  
−
[[Medical exposure]]
+
*[[Equilibrium equivalent concentration]]
−
 
−
[[Medical intervention]]
 
  
−
[[Member of the public]]
+
*[[Equilibrium factor]]
  
−
[[Mendelian diseases]]
+
*[[Equity]]
  
−
[[Minimum significant activity (MSA)]]
+
*[[Equivalent dose]]
  
−
[[Mitigation]]
+
*ERR (see [[Excess relative risk]])
  
−
[[Monitoring]]
+
*[[Erythropoietin]]
  
−
[[Multistage tumorigenesis]]
+
*[[Ethics]]
  
−
[[Myocardial perfusion]]
+
*[[Evacuation]]
  
−
[[Nasal Augmenter]]
+
*[[Excess absolute risk]]
  
−
[[Natural background]]
+
*Excess lifetime risk (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
  
−
[[Natural environment]]
+
*[[Excess relative risk]]
  
−
[[Naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM)]]
+
*[[Excretion rate (instantaneous)]]
  
−
[[Necrosis]]
+
*[[Exclusion]]
  
−
[[Neurological syndrome]]
+
*[[Exempt waste]]
  
−
[[Neurovascular syndrome]]
+
*[[Exemption level]]
  
−
[[Non-maleficence]]
+
*[[Existing exposure situation]]
  
−
[[Planned exposure situation]]
+
*[[Exogenous excretion]]
  
−
[[Practical radiological protection culture]]
+
*[[Expanded and aligned radiation field]]
  
−
[[Precautionary principle]]
+
*[[Expanded radiation field]]
  
−
[[Principle of application of dose limits]]
+
*[[Exponential survival curve]]
  
−
[[Principle of justification]]
+
*[[Exposed individuals]]
  
−
[[Principle of optimisation]]
+
*[[Exposure, external or internal]]
  
−
[[Procedural values]]
+
*[[Exposure (in the context of inhalation)]]
  
−
[[Projected dose]]
+
*[[Exposure index]]
  
−
[[Protection strategy]]
+
*[[Exposure pathway]]
  
−
[[Protective action]]
+
*[[Exposure situation]]
  
−
[[Prudence]]
+
*[[Extrathoracic airways]]
  
−
[[Public exposure]]
+
=== <big><span id="F">F</span></big> ===
  
−
[[Reasonableness]]
+
*[[Fairness]]
  
−
[[Recovery]]
+
*[[Field-size effect (Volume effect)]]
  
−
[[Reference level]]
+
*[[Flexible tissues]]
  
−
[[Rehabilitation]]
+
*[[Fluence]], Φ
  
−
[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]]
+
*[[Fluoroscopically guided interventions]]
  
−
[[Remediation]]
+
*[[Fluoroscopically or computed tomography guided interventions]]
  
−
[[Representative organism (non-human biota)]]
+
*[[Forbiddenness]]
  
−
[[Representative person]]
+
*[[Fractional absorption in the gastrointestinal tract]], f<sub>1</sub>
  
−
[[Residual dose]]
+
*[[Fractionation]]
  
−
[[Right to know]]
+
*[[Fractionation and dose delivery patterns]]
  
−
[[Self-help protection]]
+
*[[Fractionation sensitivity]]
  
−
[[Radiation Source]]
+
*[[Frequent flyer]]
  
−
[[Stakeholder]]
+
*FSU (see [[Functional subunits]])
  
−
[[Tolerability]]
+
*[[Functional subunits]]
  
−
[[Transparency]]
+
=== <big><span id="G">G</span></big> ===
  
−
[[Utilitarian ethics]]
+
*[[Galactic cosmic radiation]]
  
−
[[Value judgement]]
+
*[[Gamma ray]]
  
−
[[Virtue ethics]]
+
*[[Gastrointestinal syndrome]]
  
−
[[Wisdom]]
+
*[[Gastrulation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Gastroschisis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[GATA binding protein 2]]
 +
 
 +
*GATA-2 (see [[GATA binding protein 2]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Genomic integrity]]
 +
 
 +
*Geomagnetic cut-off rigidity (see [[Rigidity threshold]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Graded approach]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Graft vs host disease]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Gray]] (Gy)
 +
 
 +
*[[Ground-level enhancement]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Growth factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Growth fraction]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Growth hormone (somatotropin)]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="H">H</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Habitual mouth breather]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Habitual nose breather]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Half-life, physical]]
 +
 
 +
*HATM (see [[Human Alimentary Tract Model]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Hazard]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Health Surveillance]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Heliosphere]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hereditary effect]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hierarchical tissues]]
 +
 
 +
*[[High level waste]]
 +
 
 +
*[[High linear energy transfer radiation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Homologous recombination]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hormones]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hounsfield unit]]
 +
 
 +
*HRTM (see [[Human Respiratory Tract Model]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Human Alimentary Tract Model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Human Respiratory Tract Model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hyperbaric oxygen]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hyperfractionation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Hypoplasia]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="I">I</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[ICRU 4-element tissue]]
 +
 
 +
*[[ICRU sphere]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Immune system]]
 +
 
 +
*IMRT (see [[Intensity-modulated radiotherapy]])
 +
 
 +
*[[In vivo radiobioassay]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Incidence]]
 +
 
 +
*Incidence rate (see [[Incidence]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Incident]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Inclusiveness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Individual decontamination]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Individual monitoring]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Individual-related]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Induced genomic instability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Informed consent]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Inhalability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Inner bremsstrahlung]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Institutional control]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Intervention]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Intensity-modulated radiotherapy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Intake]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Intermediate level waste]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Internal conversion electron]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Interphase death]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Intervention Level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Interventional procedure]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Investigation level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Iso-effect plots]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Isomers]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Isotropic geometry]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Itinerant (radiation) worker]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="J">J</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Justice]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Justification]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="K">K</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Kerma]], K
 +
 
 +
*[[Kerma approximation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Kp index]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="L">L</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Lag]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Late normal tissue responses]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Latent time/period or latency interval]]
 +
 
 +
*[[LD 50/30|LD<sub>50/30</sub>]]
 +
 
 +
*LET (see [[Linear energy transfer]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Licensee]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Life Span Study]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Lifetime risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Lifetime risk estimates]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Limitation of dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Lineal energy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Linear dose response]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Linear energy transfer]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Linear-non-threshold model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Linear-quadratic dose response model]]
 +
 
 +
*LLE (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Local DRL]]
 +
 
 +
*Loss of Life Expectancy (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Low Earth orbit]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Low dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Low dose rate]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Low level waste]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Low linear energy transfer radiation]]
 +
 
 +
*LSS (see [[Life Span Study]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Lymphatic system]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="M">M</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Macrophage colony stimulating factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Magnetosphere]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Marrow cellularity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Mass median diameter]]
 +
 
 +
*MDCT (see [[Multi-detector computed tomography]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Mean glandular dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Measured quantity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Medical exposure]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Member of the public]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Mendelian diseases]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Mitigation]]
 +
 
 +
*MMD (see [[Mass median diameter]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Molecular imaging]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multifactorial diseases]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multiplicative risk projection model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multistage carcinogenesis model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multistage tumorigenesis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multitarget equation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Multi-detector computed tomography]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Mutation component]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Myocardial perfusion]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Myocardial stress test]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="N">N</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[National radon survey]]
 +
 
 +
*[[National DRL]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Naturally occurring radioactive material]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Necrosis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Neurological syndrome]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Neurovascular syndrome]]
 +
 
 +
*NHEJ (see [[Non-homologous end joining]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Noise]] (in imaging)
 +
 
 +
*[[Nominal value]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Nominal risk coefficient]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Non-homologous end joining]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Non-maleficence]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Non-sphericity parameter]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Non-targeted effects]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Normal tissue complication probability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Notification value]] (in CT)
 +
 
 +
*[[Nuclear medicine]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Nuclear track detectors]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="O">O</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*OAR (see [[Organ at risk]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Occupancy factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Occupational exposure]]
 +
 
 +
*OEA (see [[Oxygen enhancement ratio]])
 +
 
 +
*[[OLINDA/EXM]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Oncogene]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Operating management]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Operational quantity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Optimisation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Optimisation of protection]]
 +
 
 +
*Organ absorbed dose (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Organ at risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Organ dose equivalent]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Other (systemic) tissues]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Orphan source]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Oversight]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Oxygen enhancement ratio]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="P">P</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*Particle fluence (see [[Fluence]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Particle transport]] (in biokinetics)
 +
 
 +
*[[Particle radiance]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Patient entrance reference point]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Peak skin dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Pelagic]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Pencil beam]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Percutaneous coronary intervention]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Pericarditis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Personal dose equivalent]], H<sub>p</sub>(d)
 +
 
 +
*[[Phantom]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Pharynx]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Pilomatricoma]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Planned exposure situation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Platelet-derived growth factor]]
 +
 
 +
*PLDR (see [[Potentially lethal damage repair]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Pooled analysis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Population risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Potential alpha energy concentration]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Potential exposure]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Potential recoverability correction factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Potentially lethal damage repair]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Practical radiological protection culture]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Practice]]
 +
 
 +
*PRCF (see [[Potential recoverability correction factor]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Prevailing circumstances]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Principle of application of dose limits]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Principle of justification]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Principle of optimisation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Principles of protection]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Procedural values]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Progenitor cell]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Programmed cell death]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Projected dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Protection quantities]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Protection strategy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Protective action]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Protective action guide]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Prudence]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Public exposure]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="Q">Q</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Qualified expert]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Quality control testing]] (x-ray equipment)
 +
 
 +
*[[Quality factor]], Q(L)
 +
 
 +
*[[Quasi-threshold dose]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="R">R</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation belt]]
 +
 
 +
*Radiation detriment (see [[Detriment]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation modifier]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation safety officer]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation source]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation weighting factor]], w<sub>R</sub>
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation-induced second cancer]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation-induced secondary malignancy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiation worker]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioactive dispersion device]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioactive source]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioactive substance]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioactive waste]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioactivity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiofrequency ablation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiographer]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiological attack]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiological controlled area]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiological protection principles]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radionuclides of natural origin]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radioresponsiveness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiosensitiser]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radiosensitivity, cellular]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radon progeny]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Radon-prone area]]
 +
 
 +
*RAP (see [[Reference Animal and Plant]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Ras]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Rb]]
 +
 
 +
*RBE (see [[Relative biological effectiveness]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Reactive oxygen species]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reasonableness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Recovery]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Recovery responder]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Recovery (cellular or tissue)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Redox]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference air kerma]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference Animal and Plant]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference bioassay function]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference biokinetic model]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Referrer]]
 +
 
 +
*Reference female (see [[Reference Person]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference individual]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference level]]
 +
 
 +
*Reference male (see [[Reference Person]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference parameter value]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference Person]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference phantom]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference value]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reference worker]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Region]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Regional diagnostic reference levels]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Registry]]
 +
 
 +
*REID (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Rigidity threshold]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Rehabilitation of living conditions]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Relative biological effectiveness]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Relative life lost]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Relative risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Relative survival]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Relocation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Remedial action]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Remediation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Repopulation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Representative organism (non-human biota)]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Representative person]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reproductive integrity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Residual dose]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Respiratory protection]]
 +
 
 +
*Response function (see [[Dose-response function]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Retrievability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Reversibility]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Right to know]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Rigidity threshold]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Rigidity]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Ring chromosome]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Risk coefficient]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Risk model]]
 +
 
 +
*RISM (see [[Radiation-induced secondary malignancy]])
 +
 
 +
*Risk of exposure-induced death (see (see [[Lifetime risk estimates]])
 +
 
 +
*ROS (see [[Reactive oxygen species]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Routine monitoring]]
 +
 
 +
*RR (see [[Relative risk]])
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="S">S</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[S coefficient (radiation weighted)]]
 +
 
 +
*SAF (see [[Specific absorbed fraction]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Safety case]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Safety]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Safety culture]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Scintigraphy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Sealed source]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Secondary radiation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Secretory cells]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Security]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Security screening]]
 +
 
 +
*SEE (see [[Specific effective energy]]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Self-help protection]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Senescence]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Severe deterministic injury]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Sheltering]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Shielding]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Sievert]] (Sv)
 +
 
 +
*[[Size-specific dose estimate]]
 +
 
 +
*SLDR (see [[Sublethal damage repair]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Slice]] (in CT & CBCT)
 +
 
 +
*[[Slow repair]]
 +
 
 +
*SOBP (see [[Spread-out Bragg peak]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Solar cosmic radiation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Solar cycle]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Solar flare]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Solar particle event]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Solar wind]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Somatic effect]]
 +
 
 +
*Source (see [[Radiation source]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Source region]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Source term]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Source-related]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Source-related assessment]]
 +
 
 +
*[[South Atlantic anomaly]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Special (non-routine) monitoring]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Specific absorbed fraction]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Specific effective energy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Spongiosa]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Spontaneous fission]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Spread-out Bragg peak]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Stakeholder]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Standard-size adult]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Stem cell]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Stenosis]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Stochastic effect]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Storage]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Subcutaneous tissue]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Sublethal damage repair]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Substantial radiation dose level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Superposition principle]] (in dosimetry)
 +
 
 +
*[[Supervised area]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Surface contamination]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Systemic model]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="T">T</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Tachycardia]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Target region]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Target tissue]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Targeted effects]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Telangiectasia]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Teratocarcinoma]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Thermodynamic diameter]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Thoracic airways]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Threshold dose for tissue reactions]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Threshold level]]
 +
 
 +
*Tissue absorbed dose (see [[Organ/tissue absorbed dose]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Thoron progeny]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Thyroid blocking]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Time factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Time-resolved computed tomography]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Tissue equivalent material]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Tissue reaction]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Tissue weighting factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Tolerability]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Tolerance dose]] (in Radiotherapy)
 +
 
 +
*[[Track structure]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transfer compartment]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transfer of risk]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transfer rate]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transforming growth factor]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transgenerational effect]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Translocation]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transmission detection system]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Transparency]]
 +
 
 +
*Transport of risk (see [[Transfer of risk]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Tumour suppressor gene]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Trapped particles]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Treatment preparation in radiotherapy]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Trophic level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Types of materials]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Typical value]] (for DRL)
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="U">U</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Unattached fraction]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Unsealed source]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Upper reference levels]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Uptake]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Utilitarian ethics]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="V">V</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Value judgement]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Valvular heart disease]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Virtue ethics]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Voxel phantom]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="W">W</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[Waste disposal]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Waste management]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Wisdom]]
 +
 
 +
*WL (see [[Working level]])
 +
 
 +
*WLM (see [[Working level month]])
 +
 
 +
*[[Worker]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Working level]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Working level month]]
 +
 
 +
*w<sub>T</sub> (see [[Tissue weighting factor]])
 +
 
 +
*w<sub>R</sub> (see [[Radiation weighting factor]])
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="X">X</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[X ray]]
 +
 
 +
*[[Xerostomia]]
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="Y">Y</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="Z">Z</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
=== <big><span id="ZZ">...</span></big> ===
 +
 
 +
*[[α/β value]]
 +
 
 +
*α/β ratio (see [[α/β value]])
 +
 
 +
*[[γH2AX foci]]
 +
 
 +
<div>

Latest revision as of 14:37, 3 October 2021

Glossary Header-left2.png

The ICRP Glossary collects ICRP’s definitive explanations of terms for current use. Some entries include historical descriptions to help readers better understand the term in a particular context.

It is a living document, updated regularly.

Many ICRP publications feature their own glossaries including, for example, highly specialized terms relevant to that specific publication or helpful for a reader to have close at hand, or when introducing new terms to be added to the ICRP Glossary.

Although the ICRP Glossary is not a dictionary, terms already well covered in the Oxford English Dictionary are not included here unless further explanation is needed to understand the way in which these terms are used in ICRP publications.

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